{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:33:05Z","timestamp":1786739585261,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in tears of patients with and without ocular symptoms in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prospective observational study conducted on 60 consecutive SARS-CoV-2 positive patients with ocular complaints was compared with 60 controls who had no ocular manifestations. The tear samples were taken within 48 h of admission from both the eyes of the enrolled patients for evaluating the presence SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eleven cases (18.33%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in tears on RT-PCR from cojunctival swab compared to 10 (16.66%) controls. The difference was not statistical significant. The difference between mean age of patients who tested positive or negative was also without statistical significance (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.652), but the difference between patients who tested positive or negative by conjunctival swab for SARS-CoV-2 was statistically significant in terms of severity of COVID-19 disease (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.0011), presence of comorbidity (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.0015), mean TLC (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.00498), and mean d dimer (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.00465).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Though the percentage of patients with positive RT PCR from conjunctival secretions is significantly less than nasopharyngeal swabs, potential risk of transmission of SARS-Co-2 through tears cannot be ruled out. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 can be present in tears irrespective of ocular involvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_587_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]],"date-time":"2021-08-02T10:22:48Z","timestamp":1627899768000},"page":"2211-2214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Evaluation and comparison of conjunctival swab polymerase chain reaction results in SARS-CoV-2 patients with and without ocular manifestations"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Prempal","family":"Kaur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, GMC, Amritsar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurang","family":"Sehgal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, GMC, Amritsar, 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