{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T06:46:46Z","timestamp":1791960406318,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 6-year-old girl presented with blurred vision and was found to have elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucomatous optic disc damage in both eyes. She also displayed capillary malformations on the face (port-wine stain), upper back and all four limbs, angiomatosis in the brain and had hypertrophy of the left upper and lower limbs typical of overlapping Sturge\u2013Weber syndrome and Klippel\u2013Trenaunay syndromes. She was initially managed with IOP lowering topical medications but required trabeculectomy in the right eye followed by Ahmed valve implantation in both eyes. Despite multiple measures over a 7-year period, her IOP still remained uncontrolled with gradual progression of the glaucomatous damage. This case exhibits a very rare occurrence of overlapping syndromes reported only a handful of times in literature. Most cases with Sturge\u2013Weber syndrome have ipsilateral glaucoma affecting the eye on the same side as the port-wine stain. This case presented with bilateral refractory childhood glaucomas, which is exceedingly rare.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_8_17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]],"date-time":"2017-07-20T01:57:10Z","timestamp":1500515830000},"page":"623-625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A rare case of overlapping Sturge\u2013Weber syndrome and Klippel\u2013Trenaunay syndrome associated with bilateral refractory childhood glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Manju R","family":"Pillai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Glaucoma, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P P","family":"Hasini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Glaucoma, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Retina, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S R","family":"Krishnadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Glaucoma, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20251013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.91848","article-title":"Overlap of Sturge-Weber syndrome and Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome","volume":"56","author":"Purkait","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"R2-20251013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2005.20.6.1082","article-title":"An infantile case of Sturge-Weber syndrome in association with Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome and phakomatosis pigmentovascularis","volume":"20","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"R3-20251013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786519","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/786519","article-title":"Ophthalmic alterations in the Sturge-Weber syndrome, Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, and the phakomatosis pigmentovascularis: An independent group of conditions?","volume":"2015","author":"Abdolrahimzadeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"R4-20251013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.3928\/0191-3913-19921101-05","article-title":"The ocular manifestations of the Sturge-Weber syndrome","volume":"29","author":"Sullivan","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"R5-20251013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1213507","article-title":"Sturge-Weber syndrome and port-wine stains caused by somatic mutation in GNAQ","volume":"368","author":"Shirley","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R6-20251013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12826","article-title":"Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome belongs to the PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS)","volume":"25","author":"Vahidnezhad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"R7-20251013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.12.069","article-title":"Lymphatic and other vascular malformative\/overgrowth disorders are caused by somatic mutations in PIK3CA","volume":"166","author":"Luks","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/02223307-201765070-00019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:29:25Z","timestamp":1787758165000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/02223307-201765070-00019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.ijo_8_17","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4738","1998-3689"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4738","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3689","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-01-05","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-04-13","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}