{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:37:05Z","timestamp":1786649825056,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study and describe clinical characteristics of congenital and developmental cataract at a tertiary eye care facility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective study, 942 children (1311 eyes) presenting with congenital\/developmental cataract over a 10-year study period were included. Gender, age at surgery, main presenting complaint, morphologic type of cataract, laterality, family history, and associated findings were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The overall proportion of boys and girls undergoing cataract surgery was approximately equal (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.110). However, in the cases of bilateral cataract, the proportion of boys was larger than girls (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.028). More than half (62.3%) of the patients underwent surgery at the age of &gt;3 years. The main presenting complaint was white pupils, accounting for 48.1% of cases. Total cataract was the most common morphologic type in all age groups. In total, 133 children out of 942 (14.1%) had a positive family history of congenital\/developmental cataract. Strabismus and nystagmus were seen in 27.2% and 19.3% of the eyes, respectively. Additional ocular dysmorphology was found in 97 (10.3%) of patients. Coexisting systemic disease was found in 149 (15.8%) cases. Among syndrome-associated cataracts, Down syndrome accounted for the majority of cases.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High prevalence of total cataracts as well as frequent association with strabismus and nystagmus are likely to be the consequences of delayed presentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_939_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T08:53:31Z","timestamp":1670316811000},"page":"4325-4330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Clinical characteristics of congenital and developmental cataract in Kazakhstan"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Aliya","family":"Kabylbekova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Social Science, Kazakhstan\u2019s Medical University, \u201cKSPH\u201d, Almaty, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serik","family":"Meirmanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Asia Pacific Studies, Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University, Beppu City, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Altyn","family":"Aringazina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Innovation Programs, Almaty Management University, Almaty, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukpan","family":"Orazbekov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Kazakh Eye Research Institute, Almaty, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ardak","family":"Auyezova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Social Science, Kazakhstan\u2019s Medical University, \u201cKSPH\u201d, Almaty, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(97)80040-5","article-title":"Epidemiology of cataract in childhood:A global perspective","volume":"23","author":"Foster","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R2-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28564","DOI":"10.1038\/srep28564","article-title":"Prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of congenital cataract:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R3-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.156","article-title":"Global prevalence of childhood cataract:A systematic 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