{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:17:43Z","timestamp":1787761063009,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study the clinical and demographic profile of patients less than 40 years of age presenting to glaucoma services including the reasons for referral.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients in the age group of 5 to 39 years, visiting the glaucoma clinic, who were either suspected to have glaucoma or who had been newly\/previously diagnosed with glaucoma were included in the study. After informed written consent, basic demographic details of the participants including age, gender, education, socioeconomic status, and family history were obtained. A comprehensive ophthalmological evaluation was performed by glaucoma specialists.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The proportion of glaucoma in the study population (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 384) was found to be 31.25%, and the incidence of glaucoma among new patients was found to be 11.9%. Among all glaucomas (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 120), 44.2% of patients had secondary glaucomas, 27.5% had primary glaucomas, and 28.3% had congenital glaucomas. Also, 67.3% of all glaucoma patients were males. Newly diagnosed glaucoma patients presented with a mean intraocular pressure (IOP) of 32.9 mmHg and mild\u2013moderate disc damage with a mean cup-disc ratio of 0.65. Nearly one-third of them had a presenting visual acuity worse than 5\/60. The most common reason for referral was raised IOP. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that the odds of developing glaucoma were less in females (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.04) and in patients with a higher standard of living index (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One-third of the patients had glaucoma and another one-third were suspects. Secondary glaucomas are more common than primary\/congenital glaucomas. A comprehensive eye evaluation is a must, especially in those with predisposing factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_963_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T08:53:31Z","timestamp":1670316811000},"page":"4186-4192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Clinical and demographic profile of patients less than 40 years of age presenting to glaucoma services at a tertiary care eye hospital in South India"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Aditi","family":"Parab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Glaucoma, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivasan","family":"Kavitha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Glaucoma, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamalai","family":"Odayappan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Glaucoma, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rengaraj","family":"Venkatesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Glaucoma, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251006","first-page":"e144","article-title":"GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators;Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study. 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