{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:20:23Z","timestamp":1792513223562,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This introductory study aims to analyze the association of serum vitamin D3 levels with recently detected myopia in Indian children following home confinement post-COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children aged 5\u201315 years who had not attended physical school in the past 1 year and visited the ophthalmology department with various ocular symptoms were divided into two groups: the myopic group with recently detected myopia and the non-myopic group with ocular ailments other than myopia. All children underwent basic ophthalmic evaluation and a general physical examination. Blood samples were collected for serum vitamin D3 levels. A pretested questionnaire inquiring about the duration of exposure to a digital screen, outdoor activities, and socioeconomic status was filled out for all children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean serum vitamin D3 level in the myopic group was 28.17 \u00b1 15.02 ng\/dl in comparison to 45.36 \u00b1 17.56 ng\/dl in the non-myopic group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      value &lt; 0.05). Linear regression of the data establishes that myopia is associated with hypovitaminosis D3 (OR- 13.12, 95% CI 2.90\u201350.32, a\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      value of 0.001). The correlation between spherical equivalent and vitamin D3 levels was significant (Pearson correlation value: 0.661). In the myopic group, 63.3% of children had screen use &gt;6 hours against 43.3% of children in the non-myopic group. In the myopic group, 33.3% of the children had an outdoor activity duration of &lt;2 hours against 6.6% of children in the non-myopic group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study proposes hypovitaminosis D3 as a strong factor associated with the development of myopia in children. Although it is a preliminary study, it suggests that the trial for vitamin D3 supplementation in young children to delay or cease the development of myopia is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_984_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T09:14:27Z","timestamp":1672910067000},"page":"229-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Parallelism between hypovitaminosis D3 and recently detected myopia in children with amplified screen use in the COVID-19 era\u2014A preliminary study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Anju","family":"Pannu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Command Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, 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