{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:33:10Z","timestamp":1786649590422,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate ocular health status and ophthalmic safety practices among industrial metal workers of Moradabad, pre- and post-intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A longitudinal study was conducted from November 2022 to December 2023. Metal workers, recruited from an industrial zone of Moradabad, underwent eye examination and were administered a pre-validated questionnaire on ocular health and safety, translated in Hindi. A multifaceted intervention included detailed ophthalmic evaluation, correction of refractive error, and presbyopia followed by provision of personal protective equipment (PPE). Thereafter, an awareness program was conducted using leaflets, followed by monthly monitoring group meetings. All workers were followed up for one year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Four hundred metal workers aged between 14 and 65 years, predominantly from unorganized sector (70%), were evaluated. While a notable percentage of the metal workers (18.50%) reported ocular injuries in last 5 years, only 11.25% wore PPE and 4.3% of the participants attended prior ophthalmic safety training at baseline evaluation. Majority of the participants reported uncorrected presbyopia and\/or refractive error. All participants completed 3 stages of intervention. A total of 297 spectacles were provided. After the intervention and 1 year of monitoring, safety attitudes of the workers improved significantly (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). There were no cases of eye injuries reported during 1 year.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Present research revealed eye injuries to be a significant public health concern among metal workers of Moradabad, further highlighting the minimal use of PPE. However, continuous education, increased supervision, and mandatory safety measures improved worker attitudes and reduced work-related eye injuries in this occupational group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijoem.ijoem_291_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T04:00:19Z","timestamp":1748404819000},"page":"102-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effectiveness of a Multifaceted Intervention on Ocular Health and Ophthalmic Safety Among Metal Workers of Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Pinaki","family":"Adak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmenr of Optometry, CT University, Ferozepur Rd, Sidhwan Khurd, Punjab, India"},{"name":"College of Paramedical Sciences, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rituparna","family":"Ghoshal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmenr of Optometry, CT University, Ferozepur Rd, Sidhwan Khurd, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navneet","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Paramedical Sciences, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1076\/opep.5.3.143.8364","article-title":"The global impact of eye injuries","volume":"5","author":"N\u00e9grel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"R2-20260422","first-page":"1017","article-title":"Work-related eye injuries and illnesses","volume":"75","author":"Peate","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"R3-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.03.017","article-title":"Factors influencing worker use of personal protective eyewear","volume":"41","author":"Lombardi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"R4-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.50.4.436","article-title":"Epidemiology and implications of ocular traumaadmitted to hospital in Scotland","volume":"50","author":"Desai","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"R5-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1080\/10773525.2016.1243081","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors associated with work-related eye injuries in Bosnia and Herzegovina","volume":"22","author":"Jovanovic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"R6-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5278.134953","article-title":"Occupational hazard exposure and general health profile of welders in rural Delhi","volume":"18","author":"Chauhan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"R7-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_24_22","article-title":"Analysis of lung function and respiratory symptoms in brass\/metal industrial workers of Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"22","author":"Garg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Afr Med"},{"key":"R10-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5278.146911","article-title":"Prevalence and pattern of occupational injuries at workplace amongwelders in coastal south India","volume":"18","author":"Kumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"R11-20260422","first-page":"LC23","article-title":"Occupation hazards - 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