{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:19:25Z","timestamp":1787750365852,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":3,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S\u016brya-namask\u0101ra<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the widely practiced yogic sequence of 12\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u0101sanas<\/jats:italic>\n                    , is conventionally recognized for its musculoskeletal and cardiovascular benefits. This paper presents a conceptual hypothesis that the traditional sequence may encode an ancient internal practice known as\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">V\u0101ta-s\u0101ra<\/jats:italic>\n                    , involving the deliberate ingestion of air into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Based on anatomical, physiological, and experiential observations, we reinterpret\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K\u0101k\u012b-mudr\u0101<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a technique that facilitates controlled air entry into the stomach. Preliminary demonstrations, including auscultation and radiographic imaging, suggest a measurable increase in gastric air volume following this maneuver, indicating its physiological plausibility. This conceptual framework explores potential mechanisms through which GI air might influence hormonal regulation \u2013 notably ghrelin suppression and glucagon-like peptide-1 stimulation \u2013 and proposes possible antimicrobial implications against pathogens such as\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Entamoeba histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n                    . These observations are intended to stimulate further scientific inquiry rather than to serve as controlled experimental proof.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijoy.ijoy_217_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T13:11:17Z","timestamp":1782479477000},"page":"209-212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Decoding V\u0101ta-s\u0101ra in S\u016brya-namask\u0101ra and a Novel Interpretation of K\u0101k\u012b-mudr\u0101"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Prakash Chintamani","family":"Malshe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Antar Prakash Centre for Yoga, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"R3-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69705-5","article-title":"The incretin system: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes","volume":"368","author":"Drucker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R4-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30227","article-title":"Gastrointestinal regulation of food intake","volume":"117","author":"Cummings","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R5-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91816-6","article-title":"Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration","volume":"1","author":"Marshall","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Yoga"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijoy.ijoy_217_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T12:27:36Z","timestamp":1787747256000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijoy.ijoy_217_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":3,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijoy.ijoy_217_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0973-6131","2231-2714"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0973-6131","type":"print"},{"value":"2231-2714","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-12","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-05","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}