{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:47:32Z","timestamp":1788482852313,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of yoga-based cardiac rehabilitation (Yoga-CaRe) on the endothelial system, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A sub-study was conducted in two clinical sites of the Yoga-CaRe trial (a multicenter randomized controlled trial). Participants with acute MI were randomized and allocated to either the Yoga-CaRe program (13 sessions with encouragement to home practice) or enhanced standard care (three educational sessions). Endothelial function, oxidative stress, and inflammatory biomarkers were assessed using biomarkers such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), endothelin-1 (ET-1), E-selectin, P-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), intercellular cell-adhesion molecule-1, total nitric oxide concentration (NOx), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Oxd-LDL), superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF\u03b1), and C-reactive protein (CRP) at baseline and 12 weeks. Laboratory and statistical analysis were done by staff blinded to group allocation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty-two patients (of the 110 patients recruited) completed the study. The mean age was 53.1 \u00b1 10.6 and 51.9 \u00b1 10.7 years in enhanced standard care and Yoga-CaRe group, respectively. At 12 weeks, Yoga-CaRe significantly reduced ADMA, ET-1, and ICMA-1 than the enhanced standard care group. Although E-selectin and VCAM at 12 weeks were reduced in both groups, enhanced standard care had a significantly higher reduction than the Yoga-CaRe group. Among markers of oxidative stress, TAOC increased in the Yoga-CaRe group. We found no difference in eNOS, NOx, P-selectin, TNF\u03b1, CRP, and Oxd-LDL between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Yoga-CaRe improved the endothelial function (through a reduction in ET-1 and modulating adhesion molecules) and enhanced antioxidant capacity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijoy.ijoy_40_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]],"date-time":"2024-05-11T09:00:19Z","timestamp":1715418019000},"page":"20-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effect of Yoga-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Endothelial Function, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Markers in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Satish Gurunathrao","family":"Patil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edmin Christa","family":"Sobitharaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Trials, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ambalam Mahendrakumar","family":"Chandrasekaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Trials, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shankar S.","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalpana","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruby","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Lab, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kishore Kumar","family":"Deepak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok Kumar","family":"Jaryal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinu Santha","family":"Chandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Kinra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ambuj","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorairaj","family":"Prabhakaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Trials, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India"},{"name":"Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx393","article-title":"2017 ESC guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation:The task force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"39","author":"Ibanez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"R2-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.01.004","article-title":"2018 ACC\/AHA clinical performance and quality measures for cardiac rehabilitation:A report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association task force on performance measures","volume":"71","author":"Thomas","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"R3-20240903","first-page":"CD001800","article-title":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease","volume":"2016","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"R4-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7470184","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7470184","article-title":"Development of a yoga-based cardiac rehabilitation (Yoga-CaRe) programme for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction","volume":"2019","author":"Chattopadhyay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"R5-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.23.2001","article-title":"Intensive lifestyle changes for reversal of coronary heart disease","volume":"280","author":"Ornish","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R6-20240903","first-page":"687","article-title":"Retardation of coronary atherosclerosis with yoga lifestyle intervention","volume":"48","author":"Manchanda","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"R7-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02895162","article-title":"Physiologic and related behavioral outcomes from the women's lifestyle heart trial","volume":"22","author":"Toobert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"key":"R8-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e030119","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-030119","article-title":"Yoga and cardiovascular health trial (YACHT):A UK-based randomised mechanistic study of a yoga intervention plus usual care versus usual care alone following an acute coronary event","volume":"9","author":"Tillin","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"R9-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.01.050","article-title":"Yoga-based cardiac rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction:A randomized trial","volume":"75","author":"Prabhakaran","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"R10-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7092151","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7092151","article-title":"Vascular inflammation and oxidative stress:Major triggers for cardiovascular disease","volume":"2019","author":"Steven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"R11-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.87.10.840","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases:The role of oxidant stress","volume":"87","author":"Cai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R12-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S314","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-S330","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction as a target for prevention of cardiovascular disease","volume":"32","author":"Versari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"R13-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.05.005","article-title":"The association between endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular outcomes in a population-based multi-ethnic cohort","volume":"192","author":"Shimbo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"R14-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2007.10.036","article-title":"Prognostic value of flow-mediated dilatation following myocardial infarction","volume":"132","author":"Guazzi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"R15-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0742-2822.2003.02156.x","article-title":"Prediction of heart failure post myocardial infarction:Comparison of ejection fraction, transmitral filling parameters, and the index of myocardial performance","volume":"20","author":"Lavine","year":"2003","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"R16-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-010-9616-1","article-title":"Prediction of future cardiovascular outcomes by flow-mediated vasodilatation of brachial artery:A meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Inaba","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"R17-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2015.06.002","article-title":"Effect of yoga on arterial stiffness in elderly subjects with increased pulse pressure:A randomized controlled study","volume":"23","author":"Patil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Complement Ther Med"},{"key":"R18-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/36.8.1440","article-title":"Determination of inorganic nitrate in serum and urine by a kinetic cadmium-reduction method","volume":"36","author":"Cortas","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"R19-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03714.x","article-title":"Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase","volume":"47","author":"Marklund","year":"1974","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"R20-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960290905","article-title":"The effect of a six-week program of yoga and meditation on brachial artery reactivity:Do psychosocial interventions affect vascular tone?","volume":"29","author":"Sivasankaran","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"R21-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.11.1218","article-title":"Effects of a randomized controlled trial of transcendental meditation on components of the metabolic syndrome in subjects with coronary heart disease","volume":"166","author":"Paul Labrador","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"R22-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322009000500015","article-title":"Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and endothelial dysfunction:Implications for atherogenesis","volume":"64","author":"Landim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"R23-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.18.1842","article-title":"Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA):A novel risk factor for endothelial dysfunction:Its role in hypercholesterolemia","volume":"98","author":"B\u00f6ger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R24-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp061","article-title":"Association of plasma asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) with elevated vascular superoxide production and endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling:Implications for endothelial function in human atherosclerosis","volume":"30","author":"Antoniades","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"R25-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.2174\/157340310791162659","article-title":"The role of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease","volume":"6","author":"Sibal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"R26-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2019.07.062","article-title":"Asymmetric dimethylarginine predicts impaired epicardial coronary vasomotion in patients with angina in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease","volume":"299","author":"Parikh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"R27-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000181286.44222.61","article-title":"Asymmetric dimethylarginine and the risk of cardiovascular events and death in patients with coronary artery disease:Results from the AtheroGene study","volume":"97","author":"Schnabel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"R28-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2003.08.013","article-title":"Plasma levels of asymmetrical dimethylarginine and adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"24","author":"Lu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"R29-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)07184-7","article-title":"Risk of acute coronary events and serum concentration of asymmetrical dimethylarginine","volume":"358","author":"Valkonen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R30-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.076711","article-title":"Asymmetrical dimethylarginine independently predicts total and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with angiographic coronary artery disease (the Ludwigshafen risk and cardiovascular health study)","volume":"53","author":"Meinitzer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"R31-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8122051","article-title":"Statin-induced nitric oxide signaling:Mechanisms and therapeutic implications","volume":"8","author":"Gorabi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"R32-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1089\/jicm.2023.0189","article-title":"Effect of yoga on endothelial function:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Patil","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Integr Complement Med"},{"key":"R33-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.89.4.1573","article-title":"Plasma endothelin determination as a prognostic indicator of 1-year mortality after acute myocardial infarction","volume":"89","author":"Omland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R34-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recesp.2010.07.001","article-title":"Usefulness of endothelin-1 assessment in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"64","author":"Freixa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol"},{"key":"R35-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000428","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2016-000428","article-title":"Role of endothelin in microvascular dysfunction following percutaneous coronary intervention for non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes:A single-centre randomised controlled trial","volume":"3","author":"Guddeti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open Heart"},{"key":"R36-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-668X(02)00630-9","article-title":"The role of the endothelin system in myocardial infarction \u2013New therapeutic targets?","volume":"24","author":"Berger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"R37-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.21.2235","article-title":"Hemodynamic and coronary effects of the endothelin antagonist bosentan in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"98","author":"Wenzel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R38-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)01441-2","article-title":"Coronary vasoconstriction after coronary angioplasty is attenuated by endothelin a receptor antagonism","volume":"87","author":"Kyriakides","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"R39-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01692-8","article-title":"Short-term endothelin receptor blockade with tezosentan has both immediate and long-term beneficial effects in rats with myocardial infarction","volume":"39","author":"Clozel","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Yoga"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijoy.ijoy_40_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:31:45Z","timestamp":1787769105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijoy.ijoy_40_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijoy.ijoy_40_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0973-6131","2231-2714"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0973-6131","type":"print"},{"value":"2231-2714","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-21","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-16","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}