{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T12:19:02Z","timestamp":1788437942549,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by chronic hemolysis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and recurrent vaso-occlusive complications leading to significant morbidity. Hydroxyurea (HU), a widely used disease-modifying therapy, increases fetal hemoglobin (HbF) and reduces clinical complications. Emerging evidence suggests additional anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The objectives of this study were to compare the inflammatory markers, oxidative stress markers, hematological parameters, and quality of life from baseline to 6 months after HU therapy among patients with SCD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this prospective observational study, 16 HU-na\u00efve patients with SCD were evaluated at baseline and after 6 months of HU therapy. Investigations included inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 [IL-6] and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-\u03b1]), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA] and glutathione [GSH]), hematological parameters (HbF, sickle hemoglobin [HbS], leukocyte count, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR]), and quality of life assessed using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant reductions in inflammatory markers were observed, with TNF-\u03b1 decreasing from 5.82 \u00b1 2.82 pg\/mL to 4.64 \u00b1 2.65 pg\/mL (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.006) and median IL-6 levels decreasing from 6.32 to 4.42 pg\/mL (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001). Oxidative stress improved, with reduced MDA levels (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.011) and increased GSH levels (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001). Hematological parameters showed significant improvement, including increased HbF and reductions in HbS, leukocyte count, and NLR (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). HU therapy was well tolerated, with good compliance, improved quality of life, and a low incidence of complications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HU may exert therapeutic benefit not only by increasing HbF but also through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, leading to improved hematological stability and fewer complications in SCD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijp.ijp_270_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T13:00:37Z","timestamp":1788354037000},"page":"552-557","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of hydroxyurea effect in patients with sickle cell disease: A prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Anusha","family":"Battina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Snehalata","family":"Gajbhiye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaitali","family":"Chindhalore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganesh Natthuji","family":"Dakhale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apurva","family":"Bhoyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amol","family":"Dube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, AIIMS, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunita","family":"Kumbhalkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, AIIMS, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishvdeep","family":"Khushoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, AIIMS, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richa","family":"Juneja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, AIIMS, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_3195_21","article-title":"Burden of sickle cell disease in tribal students in Maa-Baadi institutions in Southern Rajasthan: A pilot study","volume":"156","author":"Mohanty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R2-20260903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/09723757.2002.11885800","article-title":"Epidemiology of sickle cell disorder in the state of Maharashtra","volume":"2","author":"Kate","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Hum Genet"},{"key":"R3-20260903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3689","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-03-563874","article-title":"Erythroid DAMPs drive inflammation in SCD","volume":"123","author":"Gladwin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"R4-20260903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2550","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI1204","article-title":"Basal cell adhesion molecule\/Lutheran protein. 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