{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:34:20Z","timestamp":1787841260459,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Head and neck cancer (HNC), predominantly head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), poses a significant health burden globally. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has improved outcomes in HNC; however, radiation-induced toxicities, particularly oral mucositis and dermatitis, remain critical concerns. Genetic variations, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TGF-\u03b21<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene (-509C&gt;T, rs1800469), may modulate these toxicities and impact treatment response.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This observational analytical study included 50 patients with locally advanced HNC undergoing IMRT at a tertiary care center in North India. Genotyping of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TGF-\u03b21<\/jats:italic>\n                      (-509C&gt;T, rs1800469) was conducted using PCR-RFLP. Acute radiation toxicities were assessed weekly during IMRT and graded using CTCAE v4.0. Radiotherapy response was evaluated three months posttreatment using RECIST v1.1. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square test, multivariate regression, explored associations between genotypes, toxicities, and treatment outcomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The cohort comprised 50 patients (94% male, mean age: 53.3 \u00b1 12.35 years).\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TGF-\u03b21<\/jats:italic>\n                      (-509C&gt;T, rs1800469) genotypes were distributed as CC (48%), TC (30%), and TT (22%), conforming to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Grade 1 oral mucositis and dermatitis occurred in 48% and 56%, respectively, with higher grades in 52% and 44%. The CC genotype was significantly associated with reduced risk of severe oral mucositis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.046; OR = 0.31), while the TC genotype conferred protection against severe dermatitis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.035; OR = 0.26).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The CC and TC genotypes of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TGF-\u03b21<\/jats:italic>\n                      (-509C&gt;T, rs1800469) exhibit protective roles against acute radiation toxicities in HNC patients receiving IMRT. These findings underscore the potential of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TGF-\u03b21<\/jats:italic>\n                      SNPs as biomarkers for toxicity risk stratification, enabling personalized therapeutic approaches.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpm.ijpm_1085_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T06:00:18Z","timestamp":1774936818000},"page":"23-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Protective role of TGF-\u03b21 (-509C&gt;T, rs1800469) single-nucleotide polymorphism against radiation toxicities in locally advanced head and neck cancer"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"M. P. Sarath","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bela","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sweety","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christhunesa S.","family":"Christudass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raja","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anissa A.","family":"Mirza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, 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