{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T17:31:00Z","timestamp":1787679060272,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726272000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cryptococcal infection is less common in immunocompetent hosts and almost always occurs in the setting of HIV disease. Disseminated Cryptococcosis in a child is a fatal condition and often requires a prompt diagnosis and appropriate antifungal therapy to improve patient outcomes. Here, we present a case of bone marrow Cryptococcal infection in a 4-year-old female child. She presented clinically with fever, abdominal pain, and hepatosplenomegaly for a duration of two and a half months. A bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy was performed with a suspicion of haemato-lymphoid malignancy. However, bone marrow aspirate smears revealed bone marrow Cryptococcosis which was later confirmed by special stains. She was treated with liposomal amphotericin B (3 mg\/kg) and flucytosine (100 mg\/kg\/day). A comprehensive approach including clinical symptoms, examination findings, imaging studies, and laboratory tests is crucial in establishing an early diagnosis of Cryptococcosis, particularly with atypical presentations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpm.ijpm_157_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T13:14:12Z","timestamp":1726578852000},"page":"620-622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Unveiling bone marrow cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent child: A rare case presentation"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Shalini","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subhajit","family":"Hajra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinod","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyavadhana","family":"Balasubramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7040279","article-title":"Infections due to rare Cryptococcus species. A literature review","volume":"7","author":"Morales-L\u00f3pez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"key":"R2-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830420412","article-title":"Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presenting as marrow cryptococcosis","volume":"42","author":"Wong","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"R3-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7493","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43941-w","article-title":"Mortality due to Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii in low-income settings:An autopsy study","volume":"9","author":"Hurtado","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R4-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.2.527","article-title":"Pulmonary cryptococcosis in the immunocompetent host. Therapy with oral fluconazole:A report of four cases and a review of the literature","volume":"118","author":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"R5-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1086\/649858","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the management of cryptococcal disease:2010 update by the infectious diseases society of America","volume":"50","author":"Perfect","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R6-20251031","first-page":"1125","article-title":"Bone marrow examination for the diagnosis of mycobacterial and fungal infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"115","author":"Nichols","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"R7-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bcr2016217195","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2016-217195","article-title":"Disseminated cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent child","author":"Saeed","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep. 2016"},{"key":"R8-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-017-1018-1","article-title":"Disseminated cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent toddler","volume":"54","author":"Gupta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"R9-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2017.09.015","article-title":"Systemic cryptococcosis in an immune-competent child","volume":"11","author":"Saini","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"key":"R10-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-020-03438-1","article-title":"Multisystemic cryptococcal infection in an immunocompetent child","volume":"88","author":"Dhooria","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"R11-20251031","first-page":"3801","article-title":"Clinical study of 23 pediatric patients with cryptococcosis","volume":"19","author":"Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"R12-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-017-2974-0","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and prognosis of pediatric cryptococcosis in Beijing Children's Hospital, 2002\u20132014","volume":"176","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"R13-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.060595","article-title":"Role of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in host defense against pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans infection during murine allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis","volume":"170","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"R14-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2015.10.006","article-title":"Cryptococcosis","volume":"30","author":"Maziarz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"R15-20251031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3390\/jof5030065","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of central nervous system cryptococcal infections in HIV-infected adults","volume":"5","author":"Skipper","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijpm.ijpm_157_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:38:50Z","timestamp":1787067530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijpm.ijpm_157_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijpm.ijpm_157_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0377-4929","0974-5130"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0377-4929","type":"print"},{"value":"0974-5130","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-28","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-29","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}