{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:34:33Z","timestamp":1786649673553,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) remains a significant global cancer burden, with recurrence and treatment resistance creating major hurdles for long-term disease control. Antigen Kiel 67 (Ki-67), a well-established marker of cellular proliferation, and sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX-2), a cancer stem cell-associated marker, are less well characterized in the context of cervical SCC, particularly within our study population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate expression of SOX-2 and Ki-67 in SCC cervix and their correlation with demographic and clinicopathological factors to find their synergistic impact on disease aggressiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 105 cases of cervical SCC over a period of 1.5 years. Clinical and demographic details were obtained from medical records. Tumors were classified into keratinizing versus non-keratinizing, and histological grading was done as per the guidelines. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for Ki-67 and SOX-2. Statistical analyses and survival outcomes were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 105 patients, most samples underwent incisional biopsy (96%). Most patients were in the age group of 41\u201350 years with a median age of 54 years. The common presentations were vaginal growth and abnormal uterine bleeding. A high Ki-67 score was observed more frequently in keratinizing SCC with a higher clinical stage. Ki-67 scoring showed no significant association with clinical stage (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.42) or histological pattern (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.84), whereas histological grade showed a borderline association (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.06). SOX-2 expression was noted in 56.2% of the cases, suggesting its role in the pathogenesis of the disease. SOX-2 expression was significantly associated with histological grade (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.04), but not with clinical stage (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.44) or histological pattern (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.46).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In conclusion, we observed a significantly better overall survival (OS) in cervical SCC patients with a low Ki-67 index. SOX-2 showed significantly higher expression in high-grade SCC, suggesting its possible role in pathogenesis. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to validate our results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpm.ijpm_395_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:06:13Z","timestamp":1777374373000},"page":"233-239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of immunohistochemical expression of sex-determining region Y-box 2 and Antigen Kiel 67 in squamous cell carcinoma cervix and its correlation with histological and clinical parameters"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Aastha","family":"Seth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh K.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siddharth","family":"Nanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poonam K.","family":"Sonkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarita","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 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