{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T23:57:46Z","timestamp":1790294266303,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755129600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Carcinosarcoma of the uterine cervix is a rare entity. There are fewer reported series of this tumor. This study aims to evaluate clinico-pathological features of 17 carcinosarcomas primarily involving the cervix over a 14-year duration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective observational study conducted over the period of 14 years. Cases were critically evaluated and only tumors with the epicenter in the cervix were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten patients had cervical tumors; three had primary cervical masses, secondarily involving the lower uterine segment; 2 had cervicovaginal masses, and two patients had distinct tumors in the cervix and endometrium. Eight biopsies and 9 resections were evaluated. Patients with an age range of 44-68 years (median = 60), commonly presented with vaginal bleeding and whitish discharge and harbored a tumor with an average size (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 11) of 6.9 cm. The commonest gross appearance (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 9) was a polypoidal ulcerated tumor. Histopathologically, most common pattern included high-grade malignant glandular\/epithelial and undifferentiated sarcomatous components. Two tumors morphologically revealed squamous differentiation; 4 exhibited chondromyxoid differentiation, while one each displayed rhabdomyoblastic, and osteosarcomatous differentiation. HPV-associated morphological features were seen in 13\/17 tumors, in the carcinomatous components. Immunohistochemically, AE1\/AE3 (12\/12), EMA (7\/7) and CK7 (3\/3) highlighted epithelial components. Additionally, tumor cells expressed PAX8 (2\/3), estrogen receptor (ER) (variable, 5\/10), p53 (6\/6, mutation-type), p16INK4a (diffuse, 4\/5), SATB2 (1\/1), GATA3 (1\/1) and TTF1 (1\/1) the latter 2 indicating mesonephric origin in one tumor. Desmin and myogenin positivity confirmed rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in one tumor. Therapeutically (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 14), 9 patients underwent surgery (TAH-BSO\/radical hysterectomy, with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (8\/9) and 2 with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Five (inoperable) underwent palliative chemoradiotherapy. During follow-up (7\/17) (median = 8 months), one patient developed vault recurrence and two developed brain metastasis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All 7 patients in the study were alive with disease. Cervical carcinosarcoma is an uncommon tumor with a wide clinicopathological spectrum, invariably high-grade. Rare tumors exhibit a mesonephric type of differentiation. These tumors are associated with an aggressive clinical outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpm.ijpm_73_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T17:00:10Z","timestamp":1755536410000},"page":"744-753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Carcinosarcoma of the cervix: Clinicopathological features of 17 tumors diagnosed at a Tertiary Cancer Referral Centre, India"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Anusree","family":"Majumder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bharat","family":"Rekhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"},{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute 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India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaya","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amita","family":"Maheshwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"},{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology (Gynecology), Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251208","first-page":"118","article-title":"Carcinosarcomas:Current perspectives and an histological review of nosological concepts","volume":"10","author":"Wick","year":"1993","journal-title":"Semin Diagn 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