{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:28:03Z","timestamp":1787772483202,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bladder cancer, the most common malignancy of the urinary tract is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. But cystoscopy, which is till now the mainstay of screening, is an invasive, high-cost method with low sensitivity especially for flat lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To find a non-invasive and effective screening method with liquid-based cytology (LBC) using The Paris System (TPS) and CK20 immunocytochemistry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It was a prospective study including the patients with clinical or cystoscopic diagnosis of urinary bladder space occupying lesions (SOL). Both conventional (CC) and liquid-based cytology slides were prepared from urine samples. Slides were evaluated by two trained pathologists and categorized according to TPS guidelines. CK20 immunocytochemistry (ICC) was also performed. Consequent formalin-fixed paraffin embedded sections were blindly examined by another pathologist and was taken as gold standard for comparison.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Statistical Analysis:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All the statistical analysis were done using MedCalc version 15.8 [Mariakerke, Belgium: MedCalc Software 2015].<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 150 cases with a mean age of 62.4 years. Five cases revealed unsatisfactory smears. Rest of the cases were categorized as the following: 18.1% as NH-GUC, 8% as LGUN, 22.1% as AUC, 15.4% as SH-GUC, 32.9% as HGUC. Kappa value of CC and LBC were strong (0.854). LBC alone showed very low specificity (58%) and PPV (74.8%) which improved on application of ICC (specificity: 97.4%, PPV: 96.3%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conclude that CK20 ICC offers potential for accurate, non-invasive detection and surveillance of bladder cancer and is a better tool when combined with liquid-based cytology, reported using The Paris System.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpm.ijpm_95_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T02:40:09Z","timestamp":1717036809000},"page":"720-726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quest to develop a standard screening method for urothelial carcinoma using liquid-based cytology (The Paris System) and CK20"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Kavita","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chhanda","family":"Datta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moumita","family":"Sengupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilip Kumar","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uttara","family":"Chatterjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21262","article-title":"Global cancer statistics,","volume":"65","author":"Torre","year":"2012","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"R2-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-5538.IBJU.2014.02.06","article-title":"Re-examination of the natural history of high-grade T1 bladder cancer using a large contemporary cohort","volume":"40","author":"Canter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Braz J Urol"},{"key":"R3-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.21716","article-title":"The diagnostic reliability of urinary cytology: A retrospective study","volume":"40","author":"Raisi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"key":"R4-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.20957","article-title":"High-grade urothelial carcinoma: Comparison of SurePath liquid-based processing with cytospin processing","volume":"37","author":"Lu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"key":"R5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.10245","article-title":"Use of ThinPrep monolayer technique and cytospin preparation in urine cytology: A comparative analysis","volume":"28","author":"Nassar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"key":"R6-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2303.2001.00341.x","article-title":"Evaluation of thin-layer methods in urine cytology","volume":"12","author":"Wright","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cytopathology"},{"key":"R7-20240829","first-page":"217","article-title":"Urine-based biomarkers for the early detection and surveillance of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer","volume":"60","author":"Herman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Minerva Urol Nefrol"},{"key":"R8-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.21617","article-title":"Cytokeratin-20 immunocytochemistry in voided urine cytology and its comparison with nuclear matrix protein-22 and urine cytology in the detection of urothelial carcinoma","volume":"40","author":"Srivastava","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"key":"R9-20240829","first-page":"427","article-title":"Cytokeratin 20 in human carcinomas. 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