{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T02:11:44Z","timestamp":1788055904611,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to persist in India over the past three decades. The involvement of the spleen in these patients has a wide array of differentials with opportunistic infections and malignancies. The spectrum of splenic lesions in patients with HIV\/AIDS has not been described in the Indian literature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study was designed to understand the spectrum of splenic pathology in patients with HIV\/AIDS. The specimens of the spleen obtained at autopsy in 257 patients over a period of 29 years were systematically analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 257 patients, 197 (77%) were males and 60 (23%) were females with a heterosexual route of transmission in 246 (96%) patients. There were 236 (92%) patients from the pre-highly active anti-retroviral therapy era, while 21 (8%) patients had received highly active anti-retroviral therapy for a short duration. The most frequent splenic pathology identified was tuberculosis, noted in 135 (52%) patients, manifesting as military lesions (119 patients, 46%), tuberculous abscesses (13 patients, 5%), and tuberculosis associated with splenic infarcts (03, 1%) patients. The other pathologies noted were cryptococcosis in 17 (7%) patients, malarial infection in 13 (5%) patients, and cytomegalovirus infection in 01 (0.5%) patient. The other findings identified were chronic passive venous congestion, perivascular fibrosis, hemosiderosis, and amyloidosis. In addition, absence or depletion of lymphocyte was noted in 98 (38%) patients and in 4 (1.5%) patients diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was found.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with HIV\/AIDS presenting with splenic lesions have a wide array of differentials, such as tuberculosis, opportunistic infection, and the lymphoma. This study provides a better insight into the splenic lesions in patients with AIDS in India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpm.ijpm_985_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T04:39:07Z","timestamp":1705639147000},"page":"553-558","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The spectrum of pathologic lesions in spleen in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Autopsy report of 257 patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Dhaneshwar N.","family":"Lanjewar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhuj, Kachchh, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita N.","family":"Kavatkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, B. J. 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