{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:50:06Z","timestamp":1790628606813,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]],"date-time":"2019-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":328,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background: Variable protocols for the management of cleft lip and\/or palate (CLP) patients are currently used. However, to our knowledge, there are no previously published data about cleft management and practice in Egypt. Materials and Methods: One-hundred questionnaires were distributed to cleft surgeons attending the annual meeting of the Egyptian Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons in March 2016 to investigate timing, techniques and complications of cleft surgery. Seventy-two colleagues returned the questionnaire, and the data were analysed using Microsoft Excel software. Results: The majority of cleft lip cases are repaired between 3 and 6 months. Millard and Tennison repairs for unilateral cleft lip, while Millard and Manchester techniques for bilateral cleft lip are the most commonly performed. Cleft palate is usually repaired between 9 and 12 months with the two-flap push-back technique being the most commonly used. The average palatal fistula rate is 20%. Pharyngeal flap is the method of choice to correct velopharyngeal incompetence. Polyglactin 910 is the most commonly used suture material in cleft surgery in the country. Multidisciplinary cleft management is reported only by 16.5% of participants. Conclusion: Management of CLP in Egypt is mainly dependent on personal preference, not on constitutional protocols. There is a lack of multidisciplinary approach and patients\u2019 registration systems in the majority of centres. The establishment of cleft teams from the concerned medical specialties is highly recommended for a more efficient care of cleft patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijps.ijps_104_18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,7]],"date-time":"2019-03-07T05:15:55Z","timestamp":1551935755000},"page":"290-295","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Management of cleft lip and palate in Egypt: A National survey"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Tarek Abdelhameed","family":"Abulezz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed K.","family":"Elsherbiny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed S.","family":"Mazeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-1","first-page":"357","volume-title":"Cleft lip and palate: An evidence-based review","author":"Shaye","year":"2015","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-2","first-page":"S1","volume-title":"American cleft palate-craniofacial association.March, 1993","author":"Parameters","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-3","first-page":"150","volume-title":"The surgical care of cleft lip and palate patients in england and wales","author":"Williams","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-4","first-page":"131","volume-title":"The eurocleft project 1996-2000: Overview","author":"Shaw","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-5","first-page":"261e","volume-title":"Current surgical practices in cleft care: Unilateral cleft lip repair","author":"Sitzman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-6","first-page":"1347","volume-title":"Current surgical management of bilateral cleft lip in north america","author":"Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-7","first-page":"899","volume-title":"Current surgical practices in cleft care: Cleft palate repair techniques and postoperative care","author":"Katzel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-8","first-page":"485","volume-title":"A survey of assessment and management of velopharyngeal incompetence (VPI) in the UK and ireland","author":"Hodgins","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-9","first-page":"189","volume-title":"The organization and delivery of craniofacial health services: The state of the art","author":"Strauss","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-10","first-page":"1668","volume-title":"Team care for the patient with cleft: UCSF protocols and outcomes","author":"Vargervik","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-11","first-page":"110","volume-title":"Minimum standards for the management of cleft lip and palate: Efforts to close the audit loop.Royal college of surgeons of england","author":"Shaw","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-12","first-page":"413","volume-title":"Asix-center international study of treatment outcome in patients with clefts of the lip and palate: Part 5.General discussion and conclusions","author":"Shaw","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brennan PA, Macey-Dare LV, Flood TR, Markus AF, Uppal R. Cleft lip and palate management by U.K. Consultant oral and maxillofacial surgeons: A national survey. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2001;38:44-8.","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2001_038_0044_clapmb_2.0.co_2"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-14","first-page":"1041","volume-title":"Cleft palate fistulas: A multivariate statistical analysis of prevalence, etiology, and surgical management","author":"Cohen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-15","first-page":"1431","volume-title":"Repair of oronasal fistulae with acellular dermal matrices","author":"Kirschner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0970-0358.253547-16","unstructured":"Central-Intelligence-Agency. The World Factbook; 2017. Available from: https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/fields\/2054.html. 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