{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:31:16Z","timestamp":1786739476668,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been the prominent concern in the clinic. Special attentions have been made to investigate the pathophysiological and pharmacological aspects of acute and chronic lung injuries. Appropriate drug treatment is the first priority in the treatment process of this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of octreotide (OCT), a somatostatin analog, on the models of acute and chronic lung injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two models of acute and chronic lung injuries were performed by intratracheal injection of hydrochloric acid, and four groups were investigated for each model including sham control, octreotide alone, lung injury, and lung injury treated with OCT. In each group, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured directly, and blood cell counts, including red, white, and immune cells, were determined. The severity of lung injury was considered by lung tissue histology and arterial blood gas parameters. The function of kidneys as distance organs also was considered by the determination of biochemical parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results indicated that OCT potentially can improve blood pressure and blood cell parameters. The arterial blood gas indicators and histological lung scores were also improved by OCT in both models of acute and chronic lung injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OCT had multiple effects, such as the inhibition of immune cell infiltration storm, which can reduce acute and chronic lung injuries in rats. These data suggest that OCT should be considered as a therapeutic drug for lung injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.ijpvm_245_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T12:00:48Z","timestamp":1779451248000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Protective Role of Octreotide in Acute and Chronic Lung Injuries"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ghasem","family":"Zarei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Pezeshki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"},{"name":"Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samira","family":"Choopani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"},{"name":"Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Behnoush","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ardeshir","family":"Talebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Nematbakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"},{"name":"Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260522","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145138","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1145138","article-title":"A global analysis of COVID-19 infection fatality rate and its associated factors during the Delta and Omicron variant periods:An ecological study","volume":"11","author":"Thi Hong Nguyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"R3-20260522","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158519","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1158519","article-title":"Trends in research on acute lung injury\/acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with viral pneumonia from 1992 to 2022:A 31-year bibliometric analysis","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"R4-20260522","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2008.09.001","article-title":"Acute kidney injury and lung dysfunction:A paradigm for remote organ effects of kidney disease?","volume":"77","author":"Paladino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"key":"R5-20260522","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1190","DOI":"10.1097\/IPC.0000000000001190","article-title":"The global prevalence of pulmonary fibrosis among post\u2013COVID-19 follow-up patients:Systematic review and meta-analysis:2021","volume":"31","author":"Mulu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin Pract"},{"key":"R6-20260522","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1080\/08958378.2019.1624895","article-title":"Acute exposure of mice to hydrochloric acid leads to the development of chronic lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"31","author":"Marinova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inhal Toxicol"},{"key":"R8-20260522","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.98.11061376","article-title":"The effect of octreotide on breathing and the ventilatory response to CO2 in conscious dogs","volume":"11","author":"Cao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"R9-20260522","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21051682","article-title":"Somatostatin analogs in clinical practice:A review","volume":"21","author":"Gomes-Porras","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"R10-20260522","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201403-0509PP","article-title":"New therapeutic targets in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 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