{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T15:17:42Z","timestamp":1788016662857,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Exposure to air pollution has been linked to elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, a marker of oxidative stress, while synbiotics\u2014by modulating the intestinal microbiota\u2014may reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. Despite these possibilities, evidence on the effect of synbiotic supplementation in mitigating oxidative stress caused by air pollution in pediatric populations remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n This single-blind randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the impact of synbiotic supplementation on MDA levels among 70 healthy children and adolescents aged 10\u201318 years exposed to air pollution. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either synbiotics (n = 38) or omega-3 (n = 32) for 8 weeks. MDA levels were measured at baseline and after the intervention.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n A significant reduction in MDA levels was observed within the synbiotic group (from 148.80 \u00b1 80.72 to 51.54 \u00b1 82.94,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), although no significant difference was noted between the synbiotic and omega-3 groups (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.75); however, after adjusting for confounding variables, synbiotic supplementation was significantly associated with MDA reduction.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n These findings suggest that synbiotics may help counteract oxidative stress induced by air pollution in children and adolescents, highlighting the need for further large-scale studies to explore their potential protective role in pediatric environmental health.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.ijpvm_246_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T15:00:09Z","timestamp":1788015609000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Effect of Synbiotic Supplementation on Malondialdehyde Levels in Adolescents Exposed to Air Pollution: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Roya","family":"Kelishadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Zarean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, York University, Toronto"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azimeh","family":"Maghzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Yazdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parinaz","family":"Poursafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University\/UTA, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motahar","family":"Heidari-Beni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.119066","article-title":"Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics to prevent or combat air pollution consequences: The gut-lung axis","volume":"302","author":"Keulers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"R2-20260829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11405","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c02558","article-title":"Malondialdehyde in nasal fluid: A biomarker for monitoring asthma control in relation to air pollution exposure","volume":"54","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"R3-20260829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.12.004","article-title":"Exhaled breath malondialdehyde as a marker of effect of exposure to air pollution in children with asthma","volume":"121","author":"Romieu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"R4-20260829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106341","article-title":"Ambient particulate matter compositions and increased oxidative stress: Exposure-response analysis among high-level exposed population","volume":"147","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"R5-20260829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2021.108941","article-title":"Lipid peroxidation as measured by chromatographic determination of malondialdehyde. 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