{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:24:58Z","timestamp":1787840698987,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a life-threatening disease with numerous complications. Hemodialysis (HD) patients are prone to magnesium deficiency due to malnutrition, which can cause cardiovascular complications and increase mortality. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of sevelamer and calcium carbonate, as phosphate binders, on serum levels of magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus in HD patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n A parallel clinical trial was conducted on 54 patients undergoing HD at Kosar Hospital of Semnan. The inclusion criteria were end-stage renal disease (ESRD), alternative HD treatment for at least 3 months 3 times a week, and serum phosphate levels greater than 4.5 mg\/dL. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups of sevelamer (n = 27) and calcium carbonate (n = 27). If the participants were taking a phosphate binder, they were asked to stop it for 3 weeks. Participants in the sevelamer group received 800 mg of sevelamer at most three times a day and those in the calcium carbonate group were treated with 500 mg of calcium carbonate at most 3 times a day. Before and 3 months after the intervention, the serum levels of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus were measured through the Arsenazo method using the Pars Azmun kit in the Selectra auto-analyzer. Twenty-one patients in the sevelamer group and 22 patients in the calcium carbonate group finished the study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The results showed that calcium carbonate and sevelamer increased serum magnesium level by 0.20 (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.028) and 0.26 (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.002), on average, which were statistically significant. The administration of calcium carbonate did not significantly change serum calcium levels (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.53), whereas sevelamer reduced serum calcium levels by 0.23 (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.017), on average. This reduction was statistically significant. The results also indicated that none of the calcium carbonate (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.099) and sevelamer (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.543) caused significant changes in serum phosphorus levels. The study findings showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of changes in the serum levels of magnesium (0.590), calcium (0.116), and phosphorus (0.113).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Both drugs (Sevelamer and calcium carbonate) prevented hypomagnesemia and increased serum magnesium levels, but no significant differences were found in blood levels of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium compared to the two drugs. Considering the effect of magnesium on cardiovascular diseases, increasing the serum magnesium levels through the administration of calcium carbonate and sevelamer can prevent the likelihood of cardiovascular diseases. However, none of the studied drugs was superior to the other in this regard.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.ijpvm_464_19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T08:29:49Z","timestamp":1716884989000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of Sevelamer and Calcium Carbonate in Prevention of Hypomagnesemia in Hemodialysis Patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Elahe","family":"Jandaghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maliheh","family":"Yarmohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raheb","family":"Ghorbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahereh","family":"Jalali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Khadjeh","family":"Salehani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiman Mohammad","family":"Khani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R1-20250812","first-page":"2","article-title":"Report on management of renal failure in Europe, XXV, 1994 end stage renal disease and dialysis report. 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One year follow up","volume":"34","author":"de Francisco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nefrologia"},{"key":"R17-20250812","first-page":"199","article-title":"The effect of replacing aluminium hydroxide with calcium acetate\/magnesium carbonate on serum phosphorus control in haemodialysis patients","volume":"34","author":"Arroyo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nefrologia"},{"key":"R18-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2013.08.004","article-title":"Influence of the use of phosphate binders on serum levels of calcium phosphate in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis: A retrospective and prospective study","volume":"22","author":"Setiani Agus","year":"2014","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"key":"R19-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-019-00601-6","article-title":"Serum magnesium, mortality, and cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Xiong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nephrol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Preventive Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_464_19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:27:22Z","timestamp":1787837242000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_464_19"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijpvm.ijpvm_464_19","relation":{},"ISSN":["2008-7802","2008-8213"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2008-7802","type":"print"},{"value":"2008-8213","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-12-12","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-03-07","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}