{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:39:15Z","timestamp":1787071155188,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Fecal calprotectin (FC) is suggested as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases; however, few studies have investigated its diagnostic value for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Therefore, the current study evaluated the level of FC and its diagnostic value in patients with H. Pylori and its related conditions including gastritis and duodenitis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n In this case-control study, 120 children with upper GI symptoms, who were indicated to undergo upper GI endoscopic examination, were consecutively included. Patients were categorized into different groups based on their endoscopic findings including H. pylori, gastritis, duodenitis or normal.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Patients with gastritis (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.014) and those with duodenitis (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 001) had significantly higher FC. The level of FC was higher in patients with H. pylori but this difference was marginally significant (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.054). The level of FC had poor ability to diagnose the presence of H. pylori (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.054) and gastritis (area under the curve, AUC = 0.639,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.014). However, it had acceptable power to diagnose patients with or duodenitis (AUC = 0.718,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of FC for diagnosis of gastritis were 64 and 65 percent (cut-off = 45.2 \u03bcg\/g), and for duodenitis were 77 and 61 percent (cut-off = 46.2 \u03bcg\/g), respectively.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n FC can be considered as an objective and diagnostic tool for duodenitis. However, due to the low sensitivity and specificity, it is suggested to consider it as an objective supplementary test beside other established diagnostic modalities.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.ijpvm_507_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T09:07:10Z","timestamp":1716973630000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Diagnostic Value of Fecal Calprotectin in Children with Gastritis, Duodenitis and Helicobacter Pylori"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mandana","family":"Rafeey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pardis","family":"Nikmanesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farshad","family":"Javadzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, East Azarbaijan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14561","article-title":"Systematic review with meta-analysis: The worldwide prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"47","author":"Zamani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"R2-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.04.022","article-title":"Global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"153","author":"Hooi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R3-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.4103\/2008-7802.177893","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among children and adults of Iran","volume":"7","author":"Moosazadeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"key":"R4-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1001110","article-title":"Clinical practice. Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"362","author":"McColl","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R5-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.26719\/2007.13.5.1067","article-title":"Detection of Helicobacter pylori antigen in stool samples for diagnosis of infection in children","volume":"13","author":"Rafeey","year":"2007","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"R6-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2016-0608-RA","article-title":"Celiac disease and other causes of duodenitis","volume":"142","author":"Owen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"R8-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i6.1438","article-title":"A review of Helicobacter pylori diagnosis, treatment, and methods to detect eradication","volume":"20","author":"Garza-Gonzalez","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R9-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12414","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12414","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection in children","volume":"22","author":"Kalach","year":"2017","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"R10-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7344.999","article-title":"Randomised trial of endoscopy with testing for Helicobacter pylori compared with non-invasive H pylori testing alone in the management of dyspepsia","volume":"324","author":"McColl","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R11-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322009000500009","article-title":"The role of fecal calprotectin in investigating inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"64","author":"Erbayrak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"R12-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12053","article-title":"Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of five different stool antigen tests for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"18","author":"Korkmaz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"R13-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4723","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-016-7495-7","article-title":"Biomarkers and diagnostic tools for detection of Helicobacter pylori","volume":"100","author":"Khalilpour","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"R14-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-803014-1.00006-6","article-title":"Biomarkers in acute kidney injury","author":"Edelstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomarkers of Kidney Disease Elsevier"},{"key":"R15-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25456","article-title":"High performance plasma amyloid-beta biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease","volume":"554","author":"Nakamura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R16-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.25056","article-title":"MicroRNA as biomarkers and diagnostics","volume":"231","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"R17-20250813","first-page":"10573","article-title":"Cardiac biomarkers for early detection of cardiac involvement in children with Kawasaki disease: A cross-sectional study","volume":"7","author":"Molaei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr"},{"key":"R18-20250813","first-page":"10911","article-title":"Diagnostic and prognostic value of cardiac biomarkers in children with Kawasaki disease: A state-of-the-art review","volume":"8","author":"Sadat-Ebrahimi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr"},{"key":"R19-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-03-0160","article-title":"Bowel inflammation as measured by fecal calprotectin: A link between lifestyle factors and colorectal cancer risk","volume":"13","author":"Poullis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"R20-20250813","first-page":"238","article-title":"Association between fecal calprotectin concentration and mesenteric lymphadenopathy in children","volume":"7","author":"Shabestari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crescent J Medical Biol Sci"},{"key":"R21-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2007.09.004","article-title":"Persisting symptoms and duodenal inflammation related to Giardia duodenalis infection","volume":"55","author":"Hanevik","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"R22-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2004.02.009","article-title":"Diagnostic value of faecal calprotectin in paediatric gastroenterology clinical practice","volume":"36","author":"Berni Canani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"R23-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2003.03014.x","article-title":"Emerging role of calprotectin in gastroenterology","volume":"18","author":"Poullis","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R24-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2008.05.008","article-title":"Questions and answers on the role of faecal calprotectin as a biological marker in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"41","author":"Gisbert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"R25-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3406","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i27.3406","article-title":"Can chronic gastritis cause an increase in fecal calprotectin concentrations?","volume":"16","author":"Montalto","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R26-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/S1590-8658(03)00381-5","article-title":"Role of faecal calprotectin as non-invasive marker of intestinal inflammation","volume":"35","author":"Costa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"R27-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6461","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-019-0886-3","article-title":"Hepatoma-derived growth factor participates in Helicobacter Pylori-induced neutrophils recruitment, gastritis and gastric carcinogenesis","volume":"38","author":"Chu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"R28-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601292","article-title":"Cutting edge: Helicobacter pylori induces nuclear hypersegmentation and subtype differentiation of human neutrophils in vitro","volume":"198","author":"Whitmore","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R29-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529209011186","article-title":"Assessment of the neutrophil dominating protein calprotectin in feces. A methodologic study","volume":"27","author":"Roseth","year":"1992","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R30-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-8981(99)00206-5","article-title":"Improved assay for fecal calprotectin","volume":"292","author":"T\u00f8n","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"R31-20250813","first-page":"325","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori and extragastric diseases","volume":"400","author":"Kyburz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"R32-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-12-5","article-title":"Value of fecal calprotectin in the evaluation of patients with abdominal discomfort: An observational study","volume":"12","author":"Manz","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R33-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8658","DOI":"10.5812\/ijp.8658","article-title":"Relationship between fecal calprotectin and upper endoscopy findings in children with upper gastrointestinal symptoms","volume":"27","author":"Ataee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iran J Pediatr"},{"key":"R34-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060513488499","article-title":"Faecal calprotectin concentrations in gastrointestinal diseases","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"R35-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-11-9","article-title":"Faecal calprotectin concentrations in apparently healthy children aged 0-12 years in urban Kampala, Uganda: A community-based survey","volume":"11","author":"Hestvik","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"R36-20250813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01349","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01349-15","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori resists the antimicrobial activity of calprotectin via lipid a modification and associated biofilm formation","volume":"6","author":"Gaddy","year":"2015","journal-title":"mBio"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Preventive Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_507_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:42:19Z","timestamp":1787067739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_507_20"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijpvm.ijpvm_507_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["2008-7802","2008-8213"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2008-7802","type":"print"},{"value":"2008-8213","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-28","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-29","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}