{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T15:15:27Z","timestamp":1773155727533,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1029,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Context: The size and morphology of the adrenal glands are affected by several physiological and pathological conditions. Radiologists need to be aware of the normal thickness of adrenal gland to accurately assess patients with suspected adrenal pathology. However, there is limited data on the normal size of the adrenal glands. Moreover, this has not been studied in our population. Aims: To study the normal thickness of adrenal gland on computerized tomography (CT) in Indian adult population. Settings and Design: Retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital in Southern India. Subjects and Methods: Our study included 586 adults who underwent a CT abdominal angiogram over 15 months, and excluding patients with clinical or imaging evidence of adrenal disease. The measurements made included: the maximum thickness of the body, medial and lateral limbs, measured perpendicular to the long axis. Results: The median age was 51 (range: 18\u201385) years. The mean maximum thickness of the adrenal body, medial, and lateral limbs were 7.2 \u00b1 1.8, 4.1 \u00b1 1.1, and 4.3 \u00b1 1.1 mm on the right side and 8.8 \u00b1 1.9, 4.7 \u00b1 1.1, and 4.9 \u00b1 1.3 mm on the left. The cumulative thickness of the body and the limbs were 15.6 \u00b1 3.7 mm and 18.4 \u00b1 3.8 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in all the measurements between the right and left adrenal glands (all P values = 0.000) and between men and women, being larger in men (P value &lt;0.05). Among our patients 27% had at least one adrenal gland body measuring \u226510 mm in thickness. Conclusions: Our study has defined the normal range of adrenal gland thickness in an Asian Indian adult population, which may be used as a baseline reference for future research and as a reference for radiological reporting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijri.ijri_129_18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T10:46:01Z","timestamp":1545302761000},"page":"465-469","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Normal adrenal gland thickness on computerized tomography in an Asian Indian adult population"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Reetu","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tharani","family":"Putta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Betty","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anu","family":"Eapen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Jebasingh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nihal","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Rajaratnam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(05)81739-8","article-title":"The size of normal adrenal glands on computed tomography","volume":"49","author":"J M Vincent","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0467","article-title":"Management of adrenal incidentalomas: European society of endocrinology clinical practice guideline in collaboration with the European network for the study of adrenal tumors","volume":"175","author":"M Fassnacht","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.130.5.963","article-title":"Computed tomography of the normal adrenal glands","volume":"130","author":"J Montagne","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-95022017000100020","article-title":"Morphometric analysis of suprarenal glands (adrenal glands) with multislice computerized tomography","volume":"35","author":"D Akin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Morphol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2013.08.017","article-title":"The prevalence of incidentally detected adrenal enlargement on CT","volume":"69","author":"Y Z Tang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(05)81740-4","article-title":"Computed tomography of diffuse, non-metastatic enlargement of the adrenal glands in patients with malignant disease","volume":"49","author":"J M Vincent","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-9294(13)60005-X","article-title":"Evaluation of normal adrenal gland volume by 64-slice CT","volume":"27","author":"X Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin Med Sci J"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2014.06.008","article-title":"Linear and volumetric evaluation of the adrenal gland \u2013 MDCT-based measurements of the adrenals","volume":"21","author":"J Schneller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.5799\/ahinjs.01.2012.03.0185","article-title":"Evaluation of adrenal gland thickness by multi-detector computerized tomography","volume":"3","author":"C Hamidi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Investig"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1148\/129.3.723","article-title":"Computed tomography of the adrenal gland","volume":"129","author":"N Karstaedt","year":"1978","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"192874","article-title":"Incidental adrenal enlargement: An overview from a retrospective study in a Chinese population","volume":"2015","author":"L L Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Radiology and 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