{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:09:40Z","timestamp":1790892580724,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":934,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Introduction: Simultaneous subcutaneous emphysema, spontaneous pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum are complications rarely observed synchronously during an acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma. Although spontaneous pneumothorax has already been reported in asthma patients in the literature, its concurrence with subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum is extremely rare except for iatrogenic conditions. Case Study: We describe a patient who presented to the emergency room with progressive dyspnea and chest pain. Three days before, she consulted her general physician with a history of violent dry cough and wheezing. An acute asthma exacerbation was diagnosed, and an inhaled short-acting beta 2 agonist and oral prednisone were prescribed. The patient developed simultaneous subcutaneous emphysema, spontaneous pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum, a rare complication of an asthma attack. Conclusions: Our aim is to emphasize that occult pneumothoraces should be considered in a patient presenting with an acute asthma attack failing to respond to conventional medical therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijri.ijri_340_18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,5]],"date-time":"2019-04-05T08:42:14Z","timestamp":1554453734000},"page":"77-80","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum as a complication of an asthma attack"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario de Torrej\u00f3n, Calle Mateo Inurria s\/n, Torrej\u00f3n de Ardoz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sari","family":"Arponen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario de Torrej\u00f3n, Calle Mateo Inurria s\/n, Torrej\u00f3n de Ardoz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Hermoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario de Torrej\u00f3n, Calle Mateo Inurria s\/n, Torrej\u00f3n de Ardoz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda-Jos\u00e9","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario de Torrej\u00f3n, Calle Mateo Inurria s\/n, Torrej\u00f3n de Ardoz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"06","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2013.08.009","article-title":"Pneumomediastinum: etiology and a guide to diagnosis and treatment","volume":"206","author":"F Banki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Surg."},{"issue":"07","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1984.00350190143024","article-title":"Subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management","volume":"144","author":"R J Maunder","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med."},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.21.4.325","article-title":"Mediastinal emphysema: aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"21","author":"J M Gray","year":"1966","journal-title":"Thorax."},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"242579","article-title":"Bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema: rare and fatal complications of asthma","author":"Z Karakaya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Case Rep Emerg Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2009.10.001","article-title":"Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in asthma exacerbation: The Macklin effect","volume":"39","author":"K J Romero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066602239120","article-title":"Pneumothorax in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: pathophysiology, detection, and treatment","volume":"18","author":"K J Woodside","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spontaneous mediastinal emphysema","volume":"64","author":"L Hamman","year":"1939","journal-title":"Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp."},{"issue":"02","key":"ref10","first-page":"ii18","article-title":"BTS Pleural Disease Guideline Group. Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: British Thoracic Society Pleural","volume":"65","author":"A MacDuff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Disease Guideline 2010. Thorax"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2700.41789","article-title":"Principles of diagnosis and management of traumatic pneumothorax","volume":"1","author":"A Sharma","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Emerg Trauma Shock"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref12","first-page":"S421","article-title":"Pneumothorax: observation","volume":"6","author":"Z Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2017-211007","article-title":"Pneumothorax management: time to improve the evidence base","volume":"72","author":"N A Maskell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2004.00577.x","article-title":"Pneumothorax","volume":"9","author":"M H Baumann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Respirology."}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.4103\/ijri.IJRI_340_18.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T22:39:06Z","timestamp":1627079946000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.4103\/ijri.IJRI_340_18"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijri.ijri_340_18","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0971-3026","1998-3808"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0971-3026","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3808","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}}}