{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:19:50Z","timestamp":1787771990286,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>India has 2.1 million people living with HIV\/AIDS (PLHIV). The objective of this study was to ascertain the extent of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence and reasons for nonadherence among PLHIV in India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using the following criteria: (1) Observational or experimental studies conducted in India and (2) English language studies. Published during January 2012\u2013June 2018 with data collection during the same period (3). 95% ART adherence rate (primary outcome). We reviewed bibliographic databases (PubMed, Scopus) and extracted relevant data. The forest plot was used to display the meta-analysis results. Analyses were performed in Stata 14 using the \u201cMetaprop_one\u201d function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 511 records were identified after removing duplicates, 59 full-texts were screened of which 15 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Only one study was conducted in rural India, with &lt;95% adherence reported by all its participants. The PLHIV reported several reasons for their ART nonadherence including forgetfulness (8\/15), running out of pills (3\/15), distance from the health center and associated travel (2\/15), alcohol abuse (3\/15), concealment of HIV status from family (2\/15, felt stigma (2\/15), depressive symptoms (2\/15), and fear of side-effects (2\/15). The overall pooled estimate of ART adherence was 54.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 27%\u201381%), while among facility-based studies, the \u226595% adherence rate was significant higher. 62% (95% CI 46%\u20130.78%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the universal provision of free of cost ART to all PLHIV in government health facilities in India, suboptimal adherence to treatment persists in nearly half of these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijstd.ijstd_28_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T05:00:14Z","timestamp":1709874014000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Anti-retroviral therapy adherence in India (2012-18): A systematic review and 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