{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:31:51Z","timestamp":1787070711790,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 20,000\u201340,000. An 8-year-old boy, born to nonconsanguineous parents, presented with complaints of areas of depigmentation on the forehead and right leg since birth. On examination, there was a well-defined amelanotic macule on the center of the forehead of size 5 cm \u00d7 2.5 cm with a few spots of normal pigmentation, a forelock of white hair on the frontal area of the scalp, and a well-defined amelanotic macule of size 6 cm \u00d7 4 cm with a small central area of normal pigmentation on the posterior part of the right leg. He had scoliosis of the spine in the thoracic region. The nasal root was broad with widely separated inner canthi. There was exotropia and microcornea of the right eye with a visual acuity of 6\/24. Fundus examination of the right eye showed a large disc, disc coloboma, peripapillary atrophy, and pigmentary changes in the fovea. The left eye was normal. There was no hearing defect. His father and two siblings too had patchy amelanosis in a similar distribution. They probably represent a limited expression of the same disease. All of them meet the diagnostic criteria for WS. WS is rare with only &lt;100 cases reported worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijt.ijt_134_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T15:00:11Z","timestamp":1750690811000},"page":"73-76","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Waardenburg Syndrome in a Family"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Niveditha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Prathap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neelakandhan","family":"Asokan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01949_3.x","article-title":"Waardenburg syndrome:Case report","volume":"42","author":"Krishtul","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"R4-20250628","first-page":"e10889","article-title":"Waardenburg syndrome type-II in twin siblings:An unusual audio-pigmentary disorder","volume":"12","author":"Masood","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R5-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joto.2018.05.005","article-title":"Case of Waardenburg shah syndrome in a family with review of literature","volume":"13","author":"Chandra Mohan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Otol"},{"key":"R6-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-018-1704-1","article-title":"A rare case of seven siblings with Waardenburg syndrome:A case report","volume":"12","author":"Haj Kassem","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Trichology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijt.ijt_134_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:35:14Z","timestamp":1787067314000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijt.ijt_134_22"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":4,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijt.ijt_134_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["0974-7753","0974-9241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0974-7753","type":"print"},{"value":"0974-9241","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-23","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-04","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}