{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:19:30Z","timestamp":1787771970403,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Auditory hallucinations are a common yet underexplored phenomenon in individuals with hearing impairment, particularly in the elderly. Oliver Sacks syndrome, often seen in patients with sensory deprivation, is typically characterized by musical hallucinations but can also present with nonmusical auditory experiences. This case series presents three elderly patients with hearing impairment who experienced a range of auditory hallucinations, including voices, instrumental music, and environmental sounds, all localized to the ear with greater hearing loss. Despite these auditory experiences, patients demonstrated good insight and no signs of psychosis or cognitive decline. Comprehensive clinical evaluations ruled out other conditions, and diagnoses of Oliver Sacks syndrome were confirmed. The neurobiology underlying these hallucinations involves sensory deprivation leading to maladaptive cortical reorganization, with overactivity in dopaminergic pathways and dysfunction in the auditory cortex contributing to the hallucinations. All patients were treated with risperidone, melatonin, and hearing aids, leading to significant improvements in the frequency and intensity of hallucinations. This case series highlights the diverse nature of auditory hallucinations in elderly individuals with hearing impairment, stressing the importance of recognizing sensory deprivation as a contributing factor and utilizing a comprehensive approach to treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ipj.ipj_191_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T13:00:13Z","timestamp":1772024413000},"page":"223-225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Complex auditory hallucinations associated with hearing impairment in elderly adults"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"J V","family":"Ashwin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Mental Health, King George\u2019s Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohit Kumar","family":"Shahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Mental Health, King George\u2019s Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astha","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhupendra","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Mental Health, King George\u2019s Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Balasubramaniam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Madha Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260821","first-page":"34","article-title":"Hallucinations, psuedohallucinations, and parahallucinations","volume":"73","author":"El-Mallakh","journal-title":"Psychiatry 2010 Spring"},{"key":"R2-20260821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01134","article-title":"Hallucinations in healthy older adults: An overview of the literature and perspectives for future research","volume":"8","author":"Badcock","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"R3-20260821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.24869\/psyd.2018.122","article-title":"Hallucinatory experiences in visually impaired individuals: Charles Bonnet syndrome-implications for research and clinical practice","volume":"30","author":"Juri\u0161i\u0107","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatr Danub"},{"key":"R4-20260821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.618","article-title":"The prevalence and phenomenology of auditory hallucinations among elderly subjects attending an audiology clinic","volume":"17","author":"Cole","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"R5-20260821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718000594","article-title":"Auditory hallucinations in adults with hearing impairment: A large prevalence study","volume":"49","author":"Linszen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"R6-20260821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.021","article-title":"The mind with a radio of its own: A case report and review of the literature on the treatment of musical hallucinations","volume":"36","author":"Colon-Rivera","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"R7-20260821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3793","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv286","article-title":"Minds on replay: Musical hallucinations and their relationship to neurological disease","volume":"138","author":"Golden","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R8-20260821","first-page":"533","article-title":"Musical hallucinations-a challenge for psychiatric therapeutical management. 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Poster session presented at: 3rd International Conference on Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine; 2016; Dubai, UAE","volume":"6","author":"Muhammad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Psychology & Psychotherapy"},{"key":"R13-20260821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00246","article-title":"Altered spatial and temporal brain connectivity in the salience network of sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"R14-20260821","first-page":"875","article-title":"Abnormal development and dysconnectivity of distinct thalamic nuclei in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome experiencing auditory hallucinations","volume":"5","author":"Mancini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging"},{"key":"R15-20260821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2016.11.002","article-title":"Interaction of language, auditory and memory brain networks in auditory verbal hallucinations","volume":"148","author":"\u0106ur\u010di\u0107-Blake","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"R16-20260821","first-page":"e53764","article-title":"Exploring the impact of auditory hallucinations on sudden sensorineural hearing loss in adulthood: A case report","volume":"16","author":"Daidone","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R17-20260821","first-page":"307106","article-title":"Pharmacology of hallucinations: Several mechanisms for one single symptom?","author":"Rolland","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int 2014"},{"key":"R18-20260821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20693","article-title":"Dopamine and glutamate in schizophrenia: Biology, symptoms and treatment","volume":"19","author":"McCutcheon","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"R19-20260821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2018.03.024","article-title":"Neural and behavioral changes after the use of hearing aids","volume":"129","author":"Karawani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"R20-20260821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s11097-010-9156-0","article-title":"Auditory verbal hallucinations: Dialoguing between the cognitive sciences and phenomenology","volume":"9","author":"Lar\u00f8i","journal-title":"Phenom Cogn Sci"}],"container-title":["Industrial Psychiatry Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ipj.ipj_191_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:22:34Z","timestamp":1787768554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ipj.ipj_191_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ipj.ipj_191_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0972-6748","0976-2795"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0972-6748","type":"print"},{"value":"0976-2795","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-18","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-09","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}