{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T19:28:02Z","timestamp":1793302082872,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitiligo is a chronic acquired, stigmatizing disease characterized by discoloration of skin and mucous membranes. Patients suffering from this condition suffer from a lack of confidence and psychological stress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess depression, anxiety, and social anxiety among patients suffering from vitiligo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This hospital-based cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study was carried out in a tertiary care center on 100 patients suffering from vitiligo, who were consecutively enrolled after informed consent from the outpatient department (OPD) of the dermatology department. Permission was obtained from the institutional ethics committee Diagnosis of vitiligo was made by two consultants from the department of dermatology. Sociodemographic variables were recorded in the sociodemographic form. The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) was applied to all 100 patients. Patients who scored &gt;3 on GHQ-12 were further subjected to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and Social Interaction Anxiety Scale. Results were statistically analyzed on SPSS-22.0 (IBM, Armonk, USA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of all the patients, 55% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 55) had a GHQ score &gt;3 (i.e., Psychiatric morbidity was present in 55% of patients.). Out of 50 patients in the age group of 18\u201325 years, 41 patients in the age groups of 26\u201335 years, and 9 patients in the age groups of 36\u201345 years, 22 (44%), 17 (42.1%), and 6 patients had psychiatric morbidity, respectively. Of the total number of patients, 46% had depression according to the HAM-D scale. Of all the patients, 18% had mild, 22% had moderate, and 6% had severe depression. Age-wise analysis showed that out of 50 patients in the age group of 18\u201325 years, 41 patients in the age group of 26\u201335 years, and 9 patients in the age group of 36\u201345 years, 22 (44%), 20 (48.7%), and 4 patients had depression, respectively. Of the patients who had depression, 39% were male and 58% were female. On HAM-A, 47% of the patients had anxiety; 33% had mild, 12% had moderate, and 2% had severe anxiety. Age-wise analysis showed that out of 50 patients in the age group of 18\u201325, 41 patients in the age group of 26\u201335 years, and 9 patients in the age group of 36\u201345 years, 20 (40%), 23 (56.1%), and 3 patients had anxiety, respectively. On SIAS, 36% of the patients had social anxiety. Out of 50 patients in the age group of 18\u201325 years, 41 patients in the age group of 26\u201335 years, and 9 patients in the age group of 36\u201345 years, 23 (46%), 9 (7.8%) and 4 patients had social anxiety, respectively. According to gender-wise distribution, 17% of male and 63% of female patients had social anxiety.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and social anxiety has been observed in this present study. Therefore, importance should be given to psychiatric evaluation of such patients and, if required, necessary interventions should be undertaken to improve their quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ipj.ipj_220_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T13:13:41Z","timestamp":1701263621000},"page":"S131-S135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Psychiatric morbidity among patients suffering from Vitiligo"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Kapur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekram","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alka","family":"Puria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richa","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, DMCH Lahersarai, Darbhanga, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260512","first-page":"189","article-title":"Vitiligo: To biopsy or not to biopsy?","volume":"105","author":"Mazzei Weiss","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"R2-20260512","first-page":"778","article-title":"The enigma and challenges of vitiligo pathophysiology and treatment","volume":"33","author":"Abdel-Malek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"R3-20260512","first-page":"43","article-title":"Prevalence of vitiligo among adults in the United States","volume":"158","author":"Gandhi","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"R4-20260512","first-page":"38","article-title":"Clinico-epidemiological profile of patients with vitiligo: A retrospective study from a tertiary care center of North India","volume":"10","author":"Mahajan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"R5-20260512","first-page":"6879412","article-title":"Gender differences in depression, coping, stigma, and quality of life in patients of vitiligo","volume":"20","author":"Sawant","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol Res Pract"},{"key":"R6-20260512","first-page":"271","article-title":"The epidermal melanin unit: An expanded concept","volume":"25","author":"Nordlund","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"R7-20260512","first-page":"167","article-title":"Vitiligo. 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