{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:37:25Z","timestamp":1787071045448,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719792000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by stupor, mutism, negativism, posturing, mannerisms, stereotypies, waxy flexibility, catalepsy, grimacing, echolalia, and echopraxia. This syndrome has a plethora of etiologies that arise from neurological and medical conditions, psychiatric illnesses, and withdrawal of psychoactive substances. Adding to this, it has numerous differentials, including an acute confusional state, which often adds to the diagnostic dilemma. The incidence of catatonia is between 5 and 20%. A comprehensive workup of the patient is required to rule out organic causes, after which a diagnosis of catatonia can be looked into for treatment. We present three case reports who presented with catatonic syndrome but had different etiologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ipj.ipj_252_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T10:02:37Z","timestamp":1734516157000},"page":"406-408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Catatonia in a psychiatric setup having diverse etiology: A case series"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Raj","family":"Yalgi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Missions Medical College and Hospital, Kamothe, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shubhangi","family":"Dere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Missions Medical College and Hospital, Kamothe, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aakash","family":"Ponda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Missions Medical College and Hospital, Kamothe, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darpan","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Missions Medical College and Hospital, Kamothe, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh","family":"Ghildiyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Missions Medical College and Hospital, Kamothe, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260424","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v6.i4.391","article-title":"Catatonia: Our current understanding of its diagnosis, treatment and pathophysiology","volume":"6","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R2-20260424","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00181","article-title":"A clinical review of the treatment of catatonia","volume":"5","author":"Sienaert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"R3-20260424","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0192-9","article-title":"Review of withdrawal catatonia: What does this reveal about clozapine?","volume":"8","author":"Lander","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"R4-20260424","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1177\/0253717620971564","article-title":"Late occurrence of antitubercular-treatment-induced psychosis\u2014A case report","volume":"44","author":"Shekhar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Psychol Med"},{"key":"R5-20260424","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp141","article-title":"Catatonia and its treatment","volume":"36","author":"Rosebush","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"R6-20260424","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.67.4.445","article-title":"Decreased density of GABA-A receptors in the left sensorimotor cortex in akinetic catatonia: Investigation of in vivo benzodiazepine receptor binding","volume":"67","author":"Northoff","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Industrial Psychiatry Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ipj.ipj_252_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:40:42Z","timestamp":1787067642000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ipj.ipj_252_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ipj.ipj_252_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0972-6748","0976-2795"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0972-6748","type":"print"},{"value":"0976-2795","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-28","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-03","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}