{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:29:22Z","timestamp":1786649362116,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by intrusive, distressing thoughts and\/or repetitive behaviors. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising neuromodulation technique for augmenting pharmacotherapy in OCD. This case series identified patients diagnosed with OCD, who showed residual symptoms even after two adequate trials of pharmacotherapy corroborated using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) (score of eight and above taken as cutoff). tDCS was given in the form of two milliamperes current with anode at SMA and cathode at the right orbitofrontal area, for twenty minutes, for six sessions (one session per day) in addition to pharmacotherapy. Clinical assessment was performed using the Y BOCS at baseline and post treatment. The results revealed a reduction in OCD symptom severity in all the patients (as per both subjective report and Y-BOCS scores). The patients did not have any severe adverse effects. tDCS appears to be a potential augmentation therapy for individuals with OCD. However, further research is warranted to optimize stimulation parameters and elucidate the long-term effects of tDCS as part of a comprehensive treatment approach for OCD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ipj.ipj_56_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T12:21:18Z","timestamp":1724761278000},"page":"S226-S228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Transcranial direct current stimulation as an augmentation therapy in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A case series"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Ipsita","family":"Basu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srikrishna Prasad","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prateek","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260427","article-title":"ICD-11 for mortality and morbidity statistics","year":"2023"},{"key":"R2-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5545.196976","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"59","author":"Janardhan Reddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R3-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.01.022","article-title":"Localization of cerebral functional deficits in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A resting-state fMRI study","volume":"138","author":"Hou","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"R4-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyaa051","article-title":"Evidence-based guidelines and secondary meta-analysis for the use of transcranial direct current stimulation in neurological and psychiatric disorders","volume":"24","author":"Fregni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"R5-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.06.001","article-title":"Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines","volume":"128","author":"Antal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"R6-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnp.2022.05.002","article-title":"Non-invasive brain stimulation and neuroenhancement","volume":"7","author":"Antal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol Pract"},{"key":"R7-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950010062008","article-title":"Regional cerebral blood flow measured during symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder using oxygen 15-labeled carbon dioxide and positron emission tomography","volume":"51","author":"Rauch","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"R8-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2011.11.003","article-title":"Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Beyond segregated cortico-striatal pathways","volume":"16","author":"Milad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"R9-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007","article-title":"The Yale-brown obsessive compulsive scale: I. 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