{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T17:30:59Z","timestamp":1786728659911,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Numerous studies have explored the dysfunction experienced by patients and their families due to psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. However, there is a paucity of research comparing schizophrenia with neurotic disorders like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess and compare disability, quality of life (QoL), and family burden in treatment na\u00efve patients with schizophrenia and OCD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comparative study including 50 treatment na\u00efve patients with schizophrenia and 50 with OCD. Severity of symptoms was evaluated by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in schizophrenia and by Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale in OCD. All subjects were assessed using Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale (IDEAS), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBIS), and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Regarding disability, a significant difference was observed in all domains and the global score of IDEAS, with higher scores in schizophrenia, except in the work domain. QoL also had significantly poor scores in both groups and within themselves; schizophrenia showed poorer QoL in all the domains. Regarding family burden, a significant difference was observed in all domains of FBIS, more in schizophrenia except in domain of disruption of routine family activities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment na\u00efve patients with schizophrenia and OCD have significant impairment in overall functioning, OCD being comparable to schizophrenia. This study shows the need of early identification and intervention to reduce disability and family burden and to improve QoL in these disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ipj.ipj_58_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T08:00:34Z","timestamp":1768896034000},"page":"65-72","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Disability, quality of life, and family burden in treatment na\u00efve patients with schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder: A comparative study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Akshar S.","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jitendra","family":"Jeenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil K.","family":"Kumawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0116820","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116820","article-title":"The global burden of mental, neurological and substance use disorders: An analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"10","author":"Whiteford","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R2-20260120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7176.119475","article-title":"Family burden in a patient with schizophrenia and depressive disorder: A comparative study","volume":"35","author":"Koujalgi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Psychol Med"},{"key":"R3-20260120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.4103\/0022-3859.40773","article-title":"Family burden, quality of life and disability in obsessive compulsive disorder: An Indian perspective","volume":"54","author":"Gururaj","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"R4-20260120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.12740\/APP\/67550","article-title":"Comparison of caregiver burden in schizophrenia and obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"2","author":"Oza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatry Psychother"},{"key":"R5-20260120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.113.127753","article-title":"Duration of untreated psychosis as predictor of long-term outcome in schizophrenia: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"205","author":"Penttil\u00e4","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R6-20260120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.4103\/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_836_23","article-title":"Schizophrenia spectrum disorders in India: A population-based study","volume":"65","author":"Hegde","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R7-20260120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.94","article-title":"The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"15","author":"Ruscio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"R8-20260120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00788743","article-title":"The ICD-10 symptom checklist: A companion to the ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders","volume":"28","author":"Janca","year":"1993","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"R9-20260120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2007.00921.x","article-title":"The validity of the CGI severity and improvement scales as measures of clinical effectiveness suitable for routine clinical use","volume":"14","author":"Berk","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Eval Clin Pract"},{"key":"R10-20260120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261","article-title":"The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"Kay","year":"1987","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"R11-20260120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007","article-title":"The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: I. 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