{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:24:31Z","timestamp":1787775871836,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin K consumption needs to be monitored in people taking warfarin since it can impact the anticoagulation response. Vegetables are the primary nutritional source of Vitamin K1, in the form of Vitamin K1. The aim of this study was to measure the level of Vitamin K1 in various vegetables that were commercially sold in three major Bandung markets and were ingested by patients using warfarin at Hasan Sadikin Central General Hospital Bandung. High-performance liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet detector set at 245 nm was the analytical technique. One hundred percent methanol was used as the mobile phase, and it was isocratically eluted at a flow rate of 0.6 mL\/min with a T3 column maintained at 25\u00b0C. The results indicated that the following Vitamin K1 levels were found in lettuce: 38.4391 \u00b1 15.2650\u201364.4419 \u00b1 19.0315 \u00b5g\/100 g, in napa cabbage: 56.7445 \u00b1 0.1569\u2013273.2828 \u00b1 8.3061 \u00b5g\/100 g, in cabbage: 27.9531 \u00b1 1.7487\u2013217.0457 \u00b1 7.2201 \u00b5g\/100 g, and in spinach: 305.2868 \u00b1 3.3058\u2013970.7098 \u00b1 14.1167 \u00b5g\/100 g. The highest Vitamin K1 level was in spinach and the lowest was in lettuce.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/japtr.japtr_156_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T02:00:24Z","timestamp":1739498424000},"page":"35-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Analysis of Vitamin K1 levels in several types of vegetables consumed by warfarin-used patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Norisca Aliza","family":"Putriana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taofik","family":"Rusdiana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Joan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Driyanti","family":"Rahayu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Febrina Amelia","family":"Saputri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmaceutical-Medicinal Chemistry and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.13171","article-title":"Anticoagulation in the cardiac patient: A concise review","volume":"102","author":"Larson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"R2-20260423","first-page":"257","article-title":"Pre-treatment with puerarin affects pharmacokinetics of warfarin, but not clopidogrel, in experimental rats","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chin J Nat Med"},{"key":"R3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.22146\/ijp.814","article-title":"Bleeding incidence in patients administered with warfarin at secondary hospitals in Yogyakarta province","volume":"31","author":"Ningrum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indones J Pharm"},{"key":"R4-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2009.05.001","article-title":"Genetic and clinical factors relating to warfarin dosing","volume":"30","author":"Jonas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"R5-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010138","article-title":"Vitamin K as a diet supplement with impact in human health: Current evidence in age-related diseases","volume":"12","author":"Simes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"R6-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2016-0783","article-title":"Vitamin K plasma levels determination in human health","volume":"55","author":"Fusaro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"R7-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2015.41","article-title":"High intra- and inter-individual variability of plasma Vitamin K concentrations in patients with atrial fibrillation under warfarin therapy","volume":"69","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"R8-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753059.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.753059","article-title":"Development of a Vitamin K database for commercially available food in Australia","volume":"8","author":"Palmer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"R9-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6325","DOI":"10.1021\/jf000638u","article-title":"Determination of phylloquinone and menaquinones in animal products with fluorescence detection after postcolumn reduction with metallic zinc","volume":"48","author":"Koivu-Tikkanen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"R10-20260423","article-title":"Relationship between Vitamin K Intake Sourced From Foods Against Prothrombin Time-International Normalized Ratio (PT-INR) in Patients With Warfarin Therapy in Hospital in Bandung","author":"Salsabila","year":"2020","journal-title":"B. Pharm. Thesis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia."},{"key":"R11-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/126.suppl_4.1181S","article-title":"Chemistry, nutritional sources, tissue distribution and metabolism of Vitamin K with special reference to bone health","volume":"126","author":"Shearer","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"R12-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1021\/jf00022a029","article-title":"Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) content of green vegetables: Effects of plant maturation and geographical growth location","volume":"40","author":"Ferland","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"R14-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15197","DOI":"10.1590\/s2175-97902017000215197","article-title":"Vitamin K: Content in food consumed in S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","volume":"53","author":"Faria","year":"2017","journal-title":"Braz J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"R15-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.5505\/tjps.2015.68077","article-title":"Optimization and validation of an HPLC-UV method for analysis of clozapine and its major metabolites in human plasma","volume":"12","author":"Dural","year":"2015","journal-title":"Turk J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"R16-20260423","first-page":"1","article-title":"High-performance liquid chromatography methods for determining the purity of drugs with weak UV chromophores \u2013 A review","author":"Sobolewska","year":"2024","journal-title":"Crit Rev Anal Chem"},{"key":"R17-20260423","first-page":"48","article-title":"Determination of phylloquinone (Vitamin K (1)) by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection and with particle beam-mass spectrometry","volume":"355","author":"Careri","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"key":"R18-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25040839","article-title":"Extraction and determination of Vitamin K (1) in foods by ultrasound-assisted extraction, SPE, and LC-MS\/MS","volume":"25","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"R19-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5707","DOI":"10.1039\/C6AY01324D","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of Vitamin K1 in fruits and vegetables by isotope dilution LC-MS\/MS","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anal Methods"},{"key":"R20-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103.","DOI":"10.22159\/ijap.2018v10i6.28551","article-title":"Analytical method development and validation for the determination of caffeine in green coffee beans (COFFEA arabica l.) From three districts of west java, Indonesia by high performance liquid chromatography","volume":"10","author":"Saputri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Appl Pharm"},{"key":"R21-20260423","article-title":"Determination of Phylloquinone and Menaquinones in Foods by HPLC","author":"Tikkanen","year":"2001","journal-title":"eThesis, University of Helsinki, Finland."},{"key":"R22-20260423","article-title":"Comparison of Vitamin K Levels in Mustard Greens (Caisim) and White Mustard Greens (Brassica Rapa) Which were Sold at The Keputran Market Surabaya","author":"Arianto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diploma Thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia. (2014)"},{"key":"R23-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114513001013","article-title":"The role of menaquinones (Vitamin K\u2082) in human health","volume":"110","author":"Beulens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"R24-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5505.","DOI":"10.3402\/fnr.v56i0.5505","article-title":"Vitamin K: Food composition and dietary intakes","volume":"56","author":"Booth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Nutr Res"},{"key":"R25-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1160\/TH10-04-0257","article-title":"Relationship between dietary Vitamin K intake and the stability of anticoagulation effect in patients taking long-term warfarin","volume":"104","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"}],"container-title":["Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology &amp; Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/JAPTR.JAPTR_156_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:44:38Z","timestamp":1787773478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/JAPTR.JAPTR_156_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/japtr.japtr_156_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2231-4040","0976-2094"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2231-4040","type":"print"},{"value":"0976-2094","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-08","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-30","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}