{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:41:45Z","timestamp":1786725705566,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Lower-extremity ischemia\u2013reperfusion (IR) injury causes oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) contains polyphenols with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may protect against IR injury. In this single-center, randomized, double-blind trial, 60 patients undergoing reperfusion for lower-limb ischemia were allocated to four arms: Control (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 15), IR + placebo (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 20), IR + PSO low dose (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 10), and IR + PSO high dose (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 15). Muscle biopsies of the gastrocnemius were obtained at baseline and 72 h after reperfusion. The primary endpoint was total histological injury score. The secondary outcomes included total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, caspase-3, and cytochrome-C. PSO significantly reduced histological injury: Median total injury score was 9 (7\u201311) in IR, 6 (4\u20138) in IR + PSO low, and 3 (2\u20135) in IR + PSO high (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001). TOS was lower and TAS higher in PSO groups (TOS: IR \u2013 26.36 \u00b1 9.18 \u00b5mol\/L vs. IR + PSO high \u2013 8.14 \u00b1 3.40 \u00b5mol\/L, TAS: IR \u2013 0.63 \u00b1 0.05 mmol\/L vs. IR + PSO high \u2013 1.12 \u00b1 0.32 mmol\/L). Multivariable logistic regression showed that PSO treatment was associated with lower odds of severe IR injury (odds ratio: 0.40, 95% confidence interval: 0.18\u20130.90). In this exploratory study, PSO supplementation was associated with reduced histological and biochemical markers of IR injury, with greater effects at higher dose. Larger, registered randomized trials are required to confirm efficacy, optimal dosing, and safety.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/japtr.japtr_204_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T16:00:27Z","timestamp":1778342427000},"page":"135-140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of pomegranate seed oil on lower-extremity ischemia\u2013reperfusion damage: Insights into oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Murooj Luai Majeed","family":"Altimimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Kufa Medical College, Al-Najaf, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.5152\/eurasianjmed.2022.22293","article-title":"An overview of ischemia-reperfusion injury: Review on oxidative stress and inflammatory response","volume":"54","author":"G\u00fcler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eurasian J Med"},{"key":"R2-20260511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e228","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000005199","article-title":"Ferroptosis inhibition: A key opportunity for the treatment of ischemia\/reperfusion injury in liver transplantation","volume":"109","author":"Eggenhofer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R3-20260511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-025-02372-5","article-title":"Different types of cell death and their interactions in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"11","author":"Du","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"key":"R4-20260511","first-page":"2025","article-title":"Advancing Cardiac Graft Assessment Methods During Normothermic Machine Perfusion to Achieve Improved Transplantation Outcomes","author":"Ajenu","year":"2025","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"R5-20260511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2025.149539","article-title":"Clinical ischemia-reperfusion injury: Driven by reductive rather than oxidative stress? 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