{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T12:23:13Z","timestamp":1787746993105,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    There is an escalating demand to identify novel bioactive compounds from medicinal plants due to the increasing number of antifungal-resistant pathogenic microorganisms. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activities of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    Lam. (MoLm.) leaves and the potential of its chemical constituents against\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , by inhibiting lanosterol-14-\u03b1-demethylase and (1,3)-\u03b2-D-glucan synthase, via molecular docking. This was an\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in silico<\/jats:italic>\n                    study.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    -hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol fractions were obtained from MoLm. leaves, with concentrations ranging from 10% to 50% (w\/v) used to determine the zone of inhibition (ZoI), minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs).\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain ATCC 10231 was used. Three hundred chemical constituents were obtained from MoLm. fractions were obtained through liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry analysis, and echinenone, L-\u03b1-palmitin, betaine, \u03b1-linolenic acid, 2-pyrrolidone, curcumene, cinnamic acid, and methyl cinnamate were docked to lanosterol-14-\u03b1-demethylase and (1,3)-\u03b2-D-glucan synthase. The largest ZoI was observed in 10% ethyl acetate and 20% methanol fractions at 11.5 and 9 mm, respectively. The MICs of all fractions were within the range of 2.5%\u20135%, while only the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    -hexane fraction showed an MFC of 10%. Echinenone had the strongest binding energy toward the enzymes, at \u221213.35 and \u221210.57 kcal\/mol, and had the best Ki value of 1.65 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 1.8 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u03bcM, respectively. The docking results indicate that the chemical constituents were derived from MoLm. leaf fractions exhibit strong binding affinity toward critical molecular targets in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , suggesting their potential to disrupt essential cellular processes and contribute to antifungal activity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/japtr.japtr_35_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T15:00:12Z","timestamp":1786546812000},"page":"227-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antifungal activities and in silico prediction of Moringa oleifera Lam. fractions of leaves against Candida albicans"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ratna K.","family":"Indrastiti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Program in Dental Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia"},{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Febrina","family":"Rahmayanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dewi Fatma","family":"Suniarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dikdik","family":"Kurnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West 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