{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T16:22:42Z","timestamp":1787847762531,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"\n \n \n Clitoria macrophylla<\/jats:italic>\n Wall. (Leguminosae), locally known as Non-tai-yak or An-chan-pa, commonly distributed in tropical nations and Southeast Asia. Regarding traditional Thai medical system,\n C. macrophylla<\/jats:italic>\n roots carry out a potential in dermatology. Its roots are also used as insecticide in agriculture and animal farming. Moreover, clitoriacetal is the major component that can be detected in\n C. macrophylla<\/jats:italic>\n root. This research aimed to assess the efficacy of\n C. macrophylla<\/jats:italic>\n root extract and clitoriacetal for its anticancer and antityrosinase activities as well as to assess\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n safety potential for its cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.\n C. macrophylla<\/jats:italic>\n root and clitoriacetal were tested by brine shrimp lethality, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, comet assay, and antityrosinase activity.\n C. macrophylla<\/jats:italic>\n root, clitoriacetal, and rotenone demonstrated the toxicity against brine shrimp nauplii with LC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n of 332.15, 136.54, and 0.15 \u03bcg\/mL, respectively.\n C. macrophylla<\/jats:italic>\n root and clitoriacetal showed cytotoxic potential against breast ductal carcinoma (BT-474), liver hepatoblastoma (Hep-G2), and colon adenocarcinoma (SW-620). At 100 \u03bcg\/mL, the percent DNA damage of\n C. macrophylla<\/jats:italic>\n root and clitoriacetal was 37.84% and 36.01%, respectively.\n C. macrophylla<\/jats:italic>\n root and clitoriacetal were able to inhibit the tyrosinase enzyme with IC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n of 12.27 and 7.30 mg\/mL, respectively, which less effective than glutathione (positive control). The present study revealed the\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n biological activities of\n C. macrophylla<\/jats:italic>\n root and its clitoriacetal constituent which proposed the scientific evidences in efficacy and safety evaluation including\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n cytotoxicity, DNA damage as well as antityrosinase activities.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/japtr.japtr_94_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,9]],"date-time":"2021-01-09T07:28:33Z","timestamp":1610177313000},"page":"8-13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["In vitro cytotoxic, genotoxic, and antityrosinase activities of Clitoria macrophylla root"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yamon","family":"Pitakpawasutthi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maneewan","family":"Suwatronnakorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somchai","family":"Issaravanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanida","family":"Palanuvej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nijsiri","family":"Ruangrungsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-2-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4329","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(92)80468-T","article-title":"6-deoxyclitoriacetal from Clitoria macrophylla","volume":"31","author":"Lin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"R3-2-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02930715","article-title":"Ethnobotany of Clitoria (Leguminosae)","volume":"45","author":"Fantz","year":"1991","journal-title":"Econ Bot"},{"key":"R4-2-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.25.1026","article-title":"The constituents of Clitoria macrophylla Wall. 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