{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:35:55Z","timestamp":1786649755084,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Universal self-etch adhesives are increasingly used in restorative dentistry, but comparative evidence about their penetration and interface quality in dentin under simulated clinical conditions is limited.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate and compare the resin-dentin interface, depth of penetration, and hybrid layer thickness using three universal self-etch adhesives Single Bond Universal, Tetric N Bond Universal, and Solare Universal Bond under simulated pulpal pressure.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Forty-five caries-free premolars, extracted for orthodontic reasons, were randomly assigned to three groups. Standardized Class I cavities (1 mm depth into dentin) were restored using each adhesive (15 teeth\/group) and corresponding composites. Adhesives were mixed with 0.1% rhodamine B, applied according to manufacturer instructions, and light-cured in two layers. After extraction and storage, specimens were sectioned and examined under confocal laser scanning microscopy for hybrid layer thickness and resin tag penetration. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and\n post hoc<\/jats:italic>\n Tukey tests (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Tetric N Bond Universal showed the highest mean resin tag penetration (697.6 \u00b1 130.0 \u00b5m) and hybrid layer thickness (528.7 \u00b1 117.2 \u00b5m), statistically different from Single Bond Universal (634.8 \u00b1 71.7 \u00b5m tag, 478.3 \u00b1 85.5 \u00b5m hybrid layer) and Solare Universal Bond (644.4 \u00b1 92.9 \u00b5m tag, 512.7 \u00b1 105.5 \u00b5m hybrid layer). No significant difference was found between Single Bond Universal and Solare Universal Bond. All groups demonstrated clinically acceptable interfaces with well-formed hybrid layers and resin tag penetration.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Among the tested adhesives, Tetric N Bond Universal exhibited superior hybrid layer thickness and resin tag penetration. This may relate to its specific chemical composition and hydrophilic-hydrophobic monomer balance. Further research with larger samples and additional performance outcomes is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jcde.jcde_1099_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T06:00:07Z","timestamp":1774850407000},"page":"406-411","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative assessment of the resin-dentin interface using three different universal adhesives: An ex vivo study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"B. Sai","family":"Krishna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahithi","family":"Nammaniwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Tirumala Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Nizamabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sita Mahalakshmi","family":"Koppu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Atal hospital, Bina Project, NCL, Coal India Limited, 231220, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K P","family":"Divakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajani","family":"Punna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.5395\/rde.2018.43.e14","article-title":"Effect of smear layer deproteinization on bonding of self-etch adhesives to dentin: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Alshaikh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Restor Dent Endod"},{"key":"R2-20260416","first-page":"7","article-title":"From buonocore\u2019s pioneering acid-etch technique to self-adhering restoratives. 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