{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T01:41:09Z","timestamp":1793497269330,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The role of Root canal sealers is a very crucial role in endodontic therapy by forming a hermetic seal within the canal, filling minor voids between the dentinal wall and gutta-percha to prevent microleakage from bacterial infiltration from the oral cavity and tissues of periapical areas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to compare and evaluate the depth of penetration and microleakage of AH Plus, Bio-C, Sealapex, and MTA Fillapex using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study evaluated sealer penetration and microleakage in 170 single-rooted teeth divided into two groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 85 each). Group A assessed sealer penetration of Group I: MTA Fillapex, Group II: Selapex, Group III: Bio-C, Group IV: AH Plus, and Group V: Control group (obturated without sealer) using 0.1% Rhodamine B-labeled sealers, and CLSM was done at 3 mm and 5 mm from the apex. Group B measured microleakage in the above-mentioned 5 groups, after 7-day immersion of samples in 0.1% Rhodamine B and evaluating dye penetration longitudinally from the cemento-dentinal junction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Statistical Analysis:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were analyzed using paired t-tests, Tukey Honestly Significant Difference, ANOVA, and Pearson\u2019s correlation as statistical tools.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Group III has demonstrated the highest sealer penetration at both 3 mm and 5 mm levels, and exhibits the best microleakage resistance. However, minimum penetration has been shown by Group I and Group II at 3 mm and 5 mm, respectively. Group II has shown the highest microleakage among the sealers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bio-C sealer performed best, whereas Sealapex has shown the worst both in sealer penetration and microleakage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jcde.jcde_25_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T12:00:32Z","timestamp":1772539232000},"page":"290-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Correlation of dentinal penetration and microleakage of bioceramic with calcium hydroxide and resin based root canal sealers- A CLSM study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Kirtika","family":"Muktawat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, ITS Dental College Hospital and Research Centre, Greater Noida, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manju","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, ITS Dental College Hospital and Research Centre, Greater Noida, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohit","family":"Kochhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, ITS Dental College Hospital and Research Centre, Greater Noida, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-0707.186453","article-title":"Marginal adaptation of newer root canal sealers to dentin:A SEM study","volume":"19","author":"Polineni","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Conserv Dent"},{"key":"R2-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-0707.212230","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of apical microleakage in immediate and delayed postspace preparation using four different root canal sealers:An in vitro study","volume":"20","author":"Padmanabhan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Conserv Dent"},{"key":"R3-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.04.024","article-title":"Depth and percentage of penetration of endodontic sealers into dentinal tubules after root canal obturation using a lateral compaction technique:A confocal laser scanning microscopy study","volume":"108","author":"Ordinola-Zapata","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"R4-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-019-00425-7","article-title":"Comparison of the antibacterial activity of calcium silicate- and epoxy resin-based endodontic sealers against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms:A confocal laser-scanning microscopy analysis","volume":"107","author":"Alsubait","year":"2019","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"key":"R5-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2842.2003.01084.x","article-title":"Evaluation of penetration and adaptation of three different sealers:A SEM study","volume":"30","author":"Sevimay","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"R6-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-0707.114348","article-title":"Confocal laser scanning microscopic investigation of ultrasonic, sonic, and rotary sealer placement techniques","volume":"16","author":"Nikhil","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Conserv Dent"},{"key":"R7-20260304","first-page":"C65","article-title":"Stereomicroscopic dye leakage measurement of six different root canal sealers","volume":"11","author":"Ballullaya","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"R8-20260304","first-page":"274","article-title":"Apical microleakage in root canals with separated rotary instruments obturated with different endodontic sealers","volume":"25","author":"Manjila","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Conserv Dent"},{"key":"R9-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0192248","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0192248","article-title":"In vitro study of dentinal tubule penetration and filling quality of bioceramic sealer","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R10-20260304","first-page":"e812","article-title":"Importance and methodologies of endodontic microleakage studies:A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Jafari","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"key":"R11-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1280","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_95_21","article-title":"The sealer penetration into the dentinal tubules:An appraisal of different irrigation systems:Original research","volume":"13","author":"Ch","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"key":"R12-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.18231\/j.jds.2020.015","article-title":"Confocal laser scanning microscopic evaluation of depth of penetration and sealer\/dentin interface between endodontic sealers \u2013An in-vitro study","volume":"8","author":"Balaji","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dent Specialities"},{"key":"R13-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3800","DOI":"10.14260\/jemds\/2020\/833","article-title":"Evaluation of microleakage of four root canal sealers \u2013A fluorescent microscope study","volume":"9","author":"Ashwini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Evol Med Dent Sci"},{"key":"R14-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1735429","article-title":"Comparison of dentinal tubule penetration between a calcium silicate-based sealer with ultrasonic activation and an epoxy resin-based sealer:A study using confocal laser scanning microscopy","volume":"16","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Dent"},{"key":"R15-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2011.01924.x","article-title":"Uptake of calcium and silicon released from calcium silicate-based endodontic materials into root canal dentine","volume":"44","author":"Han","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"R16-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2006.01184.x","article-title":"The penetration of RealSeal primer and tubliseal into root canal dentinal tubules:A confocal microscopic study","volume":"40","author":"Patel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"R17-20260304","first-page":"129","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of rheological and radiographic properties of three endodontic sealers:An in vitro study","volume":"12","author":"Shashikala","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chin J Dent Res"},{"key":"R18-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2007.01343.x","article-title":"Long-term sealing ability of pulp canal sealer, AH-Plus, guttaflow and epiphany","volume":"41","author":"Bouillaguet","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"R19-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2632-6","article-title":"Dentinal tubule penetration of AH Plus, BC sealer and a novel tricalcium silicate sealer:A confocal laser scanning microscopy study","volume":"23","author":"El","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"R20-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9753210","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9753210","article-title":"Bioceramic-Based Root Canal Sealers:A Review","volume":"2016","author":"Al-Haddad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Biomater."},{"key":"R21-20260304","first-page":"199","article-title":"Comparison of the penetration depth of five root canal sealers:A confocal laser scanning microscopic study","volume":"24","author":"Mokashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Conserv Dent"},{"key":"R22-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.4103\/1658-5984.171996","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of dentinal penetration of three different endodontic sealers with and without smear layer removal \u2013Scanning electron microscopic study","volume":"6","author":"Sonu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saudi Endod J"},{"key":"R23-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2013.04.015","article-title":"Physical properties ssof MTA fillapex sealer","volume":"39","author":"Vitti","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"R24-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.5152\/cjms.2021.1863","article-title":"Effect of different obturation techniques on dentinal tubule penetrations of MTA fillapex and AH plus","volume":"6","author":"Kermeo\u011flu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cyprus J Med Sci"},{"key":"R25-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22446","article-title":"Dentinal tubule penetration of AH plus, iRoot SP, MTA fillapex, and guttaflow bioseal root canal sealers after different final irrigation procedures:A confocal microscopic study","volume":"48","author":"Akcay","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"R26-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440201300138","article-title":"Filling effectiveness and dentinal penetration of endodontic sealers:A stereo and confocal laser scanning microscopy study","volume":"26","author":"Silva","year":"2015","journal-title":"Braz Dent J"},{"key":"R27-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-1457","article-title":"Evaluation of the physicochemical properties and push-out bond strength of MTA-based root canal cement","volume":"14","author":"Ch\u00e1vez-Andrade","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"key":"R28-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5911","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14205911","article-title":"Physicochemical properties of two generations of MTA-based root canal sealers","volume":"14","author":"Abu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)"},{"key":"R29-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2015.12.012","article-title":"Dentinal tubule penetration of tricalcium silicate sealers","volume":"42","author":"McMichael","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"R30-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2014.06.007","article-title":"Sealers and warm gutta-percha obturation techniques","volume":"41","author":"Camilleri","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"R31-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2001.00393.x","article-title":"The structure of dentine in the apical region of human teeth","volume":"34","author":"Mj\u00f6r","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"R32-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200012000-00019","article-title":"A comparative study of smear layer removal using different salts of EDTA","volume":"26","author":"O'Connell","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"R33-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.4103\/JCD.JCD_64_18","article-title":"Interfacial adaptation and penetration depth of bioceramic endodontic sealers","volume":"21","author":"Arikatla","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Conserv Dent"},{"key":"R34-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03262880","article-title":"In vitro evaluation of apical microleakage of a new MTA-based sealer","volume":"13","author":"S\u00f6nmez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"R35-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2019.09.010","article-title":"Comparison of apical sealing ability of bioceramic sealer and epoxy resin-based sealer using the fluid filtration technique and scanning electron microscopy","volume":"15","author":"Asawaworarit","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"key":"R36-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.30203","article-title":"Study on the self-setting property and the in vitro bioactivity of beta-Ca2SiO4","volume":"73","author":"Gou","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater"},{"key":"R37-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.9734\/jpri\/2023\/v35i227415","article-title":"Comparative analysis of microleakage associated with various endodontic sealers:An in-vitro study","volume":"35","author":"Batra","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pharm Res Int"},{"key":"R38-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.3109\/00016357.2012.734410","article-title":"Solubility and apical sealing characteristics of a new calcium silicate-based root canal sealer in comparison to calcium hydroxide-, methacrylate resin- and epoxy resin-based sealers","volume":"71","author":"Ersahan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"R39-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(88)80084-0","article-title":"The properties of endodontic sealer cements","volume":"14","author":"Caicedo","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"R40-20260304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4477.2010.00248.x","article-title":"Correlation between sealer penetration and microleakage following the use of MTAD as a final irrigant","volume":"36","author":"Ghoddusi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust Endod J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/JCDE.JCDE_25_26","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:46:02Z","timestamp":1787773562000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/JCDE.JCDE_25_26"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jcde.jcde_25_26","relation":{},"ISSN":["2950-4716","2950-4708"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2950-4716","type":"print"},{"value":"2950-4708","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-11","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-27","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}