{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:49:41Z","timestamp":1787071781552,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n This study evaluated the differences in postoperative pain and intracanal bacterial reduction between single-visit and two-visit nonsurgical retreatment of single-rooted teeth with apical periodontitis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Forty-six participants were randomly assigned to single-visit (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 23) and two-visit (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 23) retreatment groups. Standardized retreatment protocols were performed, including removal of filling material, rotary instrumentation, and irrigation with sodium hypochlorite and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Calcium hydroxide was used as an interappointment medicament in the two-visit group. Pain intensity was recorded using the Heft\u2013Parker Visual Analog Scale at baseline, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 7 days. Intracanal bacterial samples were collected before and after retreatment and analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Statistical analysis included Mann\u2013Whitney\n U<\/jats:italic>\n , Wilcoxon signed\u2013rank, and Friedman tests (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Both groups showed significant bacterial reduction (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) and decreased pain scores over time (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001). Intergroup comparisons revealed no significant differences in bacterial reduction (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.488) or pain intensity at any time point (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > 0.05). Regression analysis showed no effect of age, sex, group, or preoperative pain on bacterial reduction (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 0.0847,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > 0.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Single-visit and two-visit retreatments achieved comparable bacterial reduction and postoperative pain outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jcde.jcde_795_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T17:00:39Z","timestamp":1765299639000},"page":"1252-1257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparative evaluation of pain and bacterial reduction in one-visit and two-visit retreatment of single-rooted teeth: A randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Sahil","family":"Choudhari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sindhu","family":"Ramesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giampiero","family":"Rossi-Fedele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Dental Schools, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavalipurapu Venkata","family":"Teja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Malla Reddy Vishwavidyapeeth, Hyderabad, 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