{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:21:21Z","timestamp":1788182481429,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women remain underrepresented in landmark cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) trials, despite evidence suggesting they may derive substantial clinical benefit. Age at implantation also influences outcomes and long-term management. However, demographic and clinical data on CRT recipients in Saudi Arabia remain limited. This study aimed to describe the sex distribution and age profile of CRT recipients in a tertiary Saudi center and to contextualize these findings within international CRT trial and registry data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed consecutive CRT implantations performed between January 2017 and December 2021 at a tertiary cardiac center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Demographic and clinical variables, including age and sex, underlying cardiomyopathy, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, conduction morphology, atrial fibrillation, and baseline echocardiographic parameters, were collected. Descriptive statistics were summarized and compared narratively with published data from major CRT randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and large international registries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 53 CRT recipients, 18 (34.0%) were women (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22.7\u201347.4). Mean age was 65.5 \u00b1 10.5 years (95% CI: 62.6\u201368.4). Ischemic cardiomyopathy accounted for 54.7% of cases, left bundle branch block morphology was present in 69.8%, and the mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 27% \u00b16%. Most patients (67.9%) were in NYHA Class III. Female proportion was broadly similar to that reported in large international registries (\u224830%\u201336%) and higher than landmark RCTs (\u224820%\u201325%). Age distribution was comparable to global CRT cohorts. Most patients received CRT-D devices (94.3%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRT recipients in this Saudi cohort exhibited demographic and clinical characteristics comparable to international real-world CRT populations. These findings provide much-needed foundational data on CRT utilization in Saudi Arabia and highlight the importance of establishing multicenter national CRT registries to better characterize access patterns and identify potential sex- or age-related disparities in advanced heart failure therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jcecho.jcecho_156_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T15:00:10Z","timestamp":1784559610000},"page":"375-379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Demographic Profile of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Recipients in a Saudi Tertiary Center: A Descriptive Single-Center Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Alhanouf Muneer","family":"Alotaibi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Technology (Echocardiography), College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamilah S.","family":"AlRahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Cardiac Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amjad Amjed","family":"SaemalDahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Technology (Echocardiography), College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.11.007","article-title":"2012 ACCF\/AHA\/HRS focused update incorporated into the ACCF\/AHA\/HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society","volume":"61","author":"Epstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll 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Cardiol"},{"key":"R8-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.03.568","article-title":"Seattle heart failure and proportional risk models predict benefit from implantable cardioverter-defibrillators","volume":"69","author":"Bilchick","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"R9-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2012.04.026","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT): Clinical trials, guidelines, and target populations","volume":"9","author":"Linde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"R10-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1142","article-title":"CRT survey II: A European Society of Cardiology survey of cardiac resynchronisation therapy in 11 088 patients-who is doing what to whom and how?","volume":"20","author":"Dickstein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"R11-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2022.03.021","article-title":"Sex-specific differences in ventricular remodeling and response after cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"174","author":"Varrias","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"R12-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.058904","article-title":"Sex differences in use and response to cardiac rhythm management devices","volume":"145","author":"Curtis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R13-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcae082","article-title":"National health expenditure per capita is associated with CRT implantation practice: Findings from the ESC CRT survey II with 11 088 patients","volume":"11","author":"Normand","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular Echography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jcecho.jcecho_156_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:00:53Z","timestamp":1788181253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jcecho.jcecho_156_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jcecho.jcecho_156_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-4122","2347-193X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-4122","type":"print"},{"value":"2347-193X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-27","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-06","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}