{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:04:31Z","timestamp":1791867871502,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The significant burden and adverse outcomes of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection during pregnancy highlight the urgent need to understand the factors contributing to its widespread occurrence. Our study determined the prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection among parturients using the novel\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trichomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      rapid test, and then assessed associated factors among parturients in Lagos, Nigeria.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This multicenter descriptive cross-sectional study enrolled\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 188 parturients in the labor ward of three hospitals in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria, from April 2021 to December 2021. We identified factors significantly associated with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection using the multivariable binary logistic regression model with a backward stepwise selection approach.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study revealed a 7.4% (95% confidence interval: 4.1\u201312.2) prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection. The only factor independently associated with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection was a history of term or preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) in the index pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio = 11.38, 95% confidence interval: 2.15\u201360.17).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One in 13 parturient women in our study had\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection, with a notable association with preterm or term PROM. Our findings, however, underscore the need for further research with a larger sample size to understand the causal pathways and broader risk factors associated with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection, informing more effective public health strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jcls.jcls_46_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T01:00:20Z","timestamp":1738976420000},"page":"180-184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection and associated factors among parturients in Lagos: A multicenter descriptive cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Kehinde Sharafadeen","family":"Okunade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria"},{"name":"Center for Clinical Trials, Research and Implementation Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halimah O.","family":"Sunmonu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oluwaseun","family":"Ajileye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayomide","family":"Fayinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oluwatosin","family":"Adetula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omololu","family":"Adegbola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4103\/npmj.npmj_7_18","article-title":"The prevalence and risk factors for Trichomonas vaginalis infection amongst human immunodeficiency virus-infected pregnant women attending the antenatal clinics of a university teaching hospital in Lagos, South-Western, Nigeria","volume":"25","author":"Ijasan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Niger Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"R2-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.18.228486","article-title":"Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis:Global prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016","volume":"97","author":"Rowley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"R3-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(12)40660-7","article-title":"Global incidence and prevalence of selected curable sexually transmitted infections: 2008","volume":"20","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"key":"R4-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.4.794-803.2004","article-title":"Trichomoniasis","volume":"17","author":"Schwebke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"R5-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2003.005124","article-title":"Trichomoniasis:Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management","volume":"80","author":"Swygard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"R6-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5070.86934","article-title":"Trichomoniasis:An update","volume":"1","author":"Preethi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trop Parasitol"},{"key":"R7-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-21002013000400006","article-title":"Prevalence and independent risk factors for trichomoniasis in women receiving primary health care","volume":"26","author":"Lima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Paul Enferm"},{"key":"R8-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-9946201658061","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis prevalence and risk factors for women in Southern Brazil","volume":"58","author":"Ambrozio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"R9-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2012.05.003","article-title":"Performance of rapid immunochromatographic assay in the diagnosis of Trichomoniasis vaginalis","volume":"74","author":"Hegazy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"R10-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.13253","article-title":"Naegele's rule and the length of pregnancy \u2013A review","volume":"61","author":"Lawson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"R11-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.03.010","article-title":"Sample size estimation in clinical research:From randomized controlled trials to observational studies","volume":"158","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"R12-20250210","first-page":"39","article-title":"Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis among pregnant women attending ante-natal care in Kano, Nigeria","volume":"2","author":"Nas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Med Health Sci"},{"key":"R13-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000729","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjmed-2023-000729","article-title":"Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes before 23 weeks'gestation:Prospective observational study","volume":"3","author":"Goodfellow","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Med"},{"key":"R14-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06432-w","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with Trichomonas vaginalis infection among female sex workers in Togo, 2017","volume":"21","author":"Tchankoni","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"R15-20250210","first-page":"4913058","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Bule Hora university teaching hospital, Oromia Region, Southern Ethiopia","author":"Husen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Parasitol Res 2023"},{"key":"R16-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa003329","article-title":"Failure of metronidazole to prevent preterm delivery among pregnant women with asymptomatic Trichomonas vaginalis infection","volume":"345","author":"Klebanoff","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R17-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000222667.42207.08","article-title":"ACommunity-based study of risk factors for Trichomonas vaginalis infection among women and their male partners in Moshi urban District, Northern Tanzania","volume":"33","author":"Klinger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"R18-20250210","first-page":"998","article-title":"Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infections among antenatal clients in Maiduguri Nigeria","volume":"2","author":"Mairiga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Biol Med Res"},{"key":"R19-20250210","first-page":"67","article-title":"Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in Hamadan City, Western Iran","volume":"7","author":"Matini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iran J Parasitol"},{"key":"R20-20250210","first-page":"752437","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis infection and associated risk factors in a socially-marginalized female population in Coastal Peru","author":"Leon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2009"},{"key":"R21-20250210","first-page":"254","article-title":"A review on Trichomonas vaginalis infections in women from Africa","volume":"36","author":"Mabaso","year":"2021","journal-title":"S Afr J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R22-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1545-6","article-title":"Genital infections and risk of premature rupture of membranes in Mulago Hospital, Uganda:A case control study","volume":"8","author":"Nakubulwa","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"R23-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16774","article-title":"Trichomoniasis and adverse birth outcomes:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"128","author":"Van","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"R24-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02025-15","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory testing for Trichomonas vaginalis infection","volume":"54","author":"Van","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R25-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-1055-0","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis:A review of epidemiologic, clinical and treatment issues","volume":"15","author":"Kissinger","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"R26-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1071\/SH09038","article-title":"Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among young reproductive age women in India:Implications for treatment and prevention","volume":"6","author":"Madhivanan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"R27-20250210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462415585449","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among female sex workers in a city in Yunnan Province, China","volume":"27","author":"Luo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jcls.jcls_46_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:08:19Z","timestamp":1787756899000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jcls.jcls_46_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jcls.jcls_46_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2468-6859","2408-7408"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2468-6859","type":"print"},{"value":"2408-7408","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-25","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-28","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}