{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:24:34Z","timestamp":1787840674490,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Some skin diseases are incurable and modern medicine can only control them. In addition, alternative treatment remedies including balneotherapy can be effective in improving skin conditions. However, there are only a limited number of studies on particular mineral or trace elements of mineral sources that have been identified in Iran. In this respect, the amount of minerals and trace elements in Mamasani thermal source, Fars Province, Iran, was measured using electrochemical, titration, and spectrophotometric methods and evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The amount of minerals and trace elements in Mamasani thermal source, Fars Province, Iran, was measured using electrochemical, titration, and spectrophotometric methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The concentrations of natural gases such as H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S and NO\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      in Mamasani thermal source were measured to be 22.10 mg\/L and 42.79 mg\/L, respectively. The source also contained major ions such as chloride, sulfate, sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and carbonate. Due to the high concentration of chloride, sulfate, and sodium ions in comparison with other major ions, the water source is also classified as sulfide water. The existing trace elements in this thermal water source are iron, zinc, copper, selenium, cobalt, chromium, boron, silisium, aluminum, magnesium, and molybdenum.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We concluded that bathing in this source could be beneficial. As nitrate concentration is close to the highest standard concentration for drinking water, it can be used in chronic dermatitis, psoriasis, burns, and allergy. Furthermore, the antibacterial and antifungal effects of sulfur-containing water in this source can be helpful in the treatment of leg ulcers, tinea versicolor, tinea corporis, and tinea capitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_100_17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]],"date-time":"2017-12-01T07:14:32Z","timestamp":1512112472000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Composition of minerals and trace elements at Mamasani thermal source: A possible preventive treatment for some skin diseases"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Nasrin","family":"Hamidizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shima","family":"Simaeetabar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zagros Abshenas Fars Co, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhad","family":"Handjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Ranjbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Gohari","family":"Moghadam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Water Research Institute, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Mahdi","family":"Parvizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"},{"name":"Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250823","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spas and Balneology in the United States","volume":"14","author":"Lund","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ghc Bull"},{"key":"R2-20250823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(96)00089-2","article-title":"Mineral water and spas in the United States","volume":"14","author":"Benedetto","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"R3-20250823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1989.tb01299.x","article-title":"The dead sea and psoriasis. 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