{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:51:26Z","timestamp":1791312686357,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pregnancy and early motherhood represent periods of significant psychological vulnerability. An estimated 10\u201315% of mothers experience postpartum depression (PPD) annually in India. Maternal mental health (MMH) represents a critical public health concern, impacting both maternal and child well-being. This study constitutes the first qualitative exploration in India to examine perspectives of both mothers and healthcare professionals regarding PPD for the development of culturally appropriate educational intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative exploratory study, conducted from April to August 2023, employed three focus group discussions among a total of 25 participants: 14 mothers attending immunization clinics at urban and rural primary health centres, and 11 healthcare professionals with expertise in MMH. Semi-structured discussion guides facilitated exploration of PPD awareness, cultural beliefs, barriers, and intervention preferences. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five distinct themes emerged across two participant categories: PPD awareness, barriers to help-seeking, impact of PPD, management strategies, and video intervention preferences. Findings revealed a lack of PPD awareness among mothers. Public health experts perceived an increasing trend in the occurrence of PPD in rural settings. Both groups endorsed video interventions as effective tools, emphasizing it to be concise, available in regional language, and a multi-platform dissemination strategy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative study reveals substantial knowledge gaps regarding PPD and suggests video interventions as effective tools towards awareness promotion. Culturally relevant educational interventions hold strong potential to enhance PPD literacy. Integrating these insights would enable health policy frameworks to strengthen early identification systems and improve care pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_1302_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:01:41Z","timestamp":1788181301000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhancing public awareness: Insights from mothers and healthcare experts on postpartum depression \u2013 A qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Krishnamurthy","family":"Latha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Education, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gadicherla","family":"Suman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Rajaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sundarnag","family":"Ganjekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swathi","family":"Acharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Education, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepika S","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Education, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kolar Sridaramurthy","family":"Meena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Education, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harave S","family":"Virupaksha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, BGS Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariamma","family":"Philip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimneihat","family":"Vaiphei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000116689.75396.5f","article-title":"Prevalence of depression during pregnancy: Systematic review","volume":"103","author":"Bennett","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R2-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2022.103048","article-title":"Perceptions of perinatal depression among low-income mothers and families in Mumbai, India","volume":"71","author":"Lodha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asian J Psychiatr"},{"key":"R3-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-022-04642-x","article-title":"Perceptions and attitudes around perinatal mental health in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan: A systematic review of qualitative data","volume":"22","author":"Insan","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"R4-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12991-018-0188-0","article-title":"Prevalence of postpartum depression and interventions utilized for its management","volume":"17","author":"Anokye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"R5-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00248","article-title":"Economic and health predictors of national postpartum depression prevalence: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of 291 studies from 56 countries","volume":"8","author":"Hahn-Holbrook","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"R6-20261006","first-page":"45","article-title":"Postpartum depression \u2013 An overview","volume":"15","author":"Makkar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Postpartum Depress"},{"key":"R7-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1624\/105812409X426305","article-title":"Postpartum depression: How childbirth educators can help break the silence","volume":"18","author":"Zauderer","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Perinat Educ"},{"key":"R8-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.09.083","article-title":"Prevalence of suicidal ideation in pregnancy and the postpartum: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"296","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"R9-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-022-04865-y","article-title":"Perinatal mental health literacy: Knowledge, attitudes, and help-seeking among perinatal women and the public \u2013 A systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Daehn","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"R10-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2019.06.016","article-title":"Knowledge and attitudes about postpartum depression in the Portuguese general population","volume":"77","author":"Branquinho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"R13-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1177\/109019817400200405","article-title":"The health belief model and preventive health behavior","volume":"2","author":"Rosenstock","year":"1974","journal-title":"Health Educ Monogr"},{"key":"R14-20261006","first-page":"56","article-title":"Postpartum depression: Identification, screening, and treatment","volume":"103","author":"Perfetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"WMJ Off Publ State Med Soc Wis"},{"key":"R15-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2006.07.004","article-title":"Reducing depression stigma using a web-based program","volume":"76","author":"Finkelstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Med Inform"},{"key":"R16-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0301357","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0301357","article-title":"Study on awareness and management based health action using video intervention (SAMBHAV) for postpartum depression among mothers attending immunisation clinic in a tertiary medical college hospital: Study protocol","volume":"19","author":"Latha","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R17-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2019.10.002","article-title":"Perinatal depression-knowledge gap among service providers and service utilizers in India","volume":"47","author":"Ransing","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J Psychiatr"},{"key":"R18-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.17.192237","article-title":"Postpartum depression in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"95","author":"Upadhyay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"R19-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-017-2263-6","article-title":"Stigma and postpartum depression treatment acceptability among black and white women in the first six-months postpartum","volume":"21","author":"Bodnar-Deren","year":"2017","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"key":"R20-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2021.09.003","article-title":"Postpartum depression: Mental health literacy of Indian mothers","volume":"35","author":"Poreddi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatr Nurs"},{"key":"R22-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-014-0140-7","article-title":"Perceptions of postnatal depression and health care needs in a South African sample: The \u201cmental\u201d in maternal health care","volume":"14","author":"Kathree","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"R23-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2350897","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.50897","article-title":"Perinatal depression and risk of suicidal behavior","volume":"7","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"R24-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2354008","DOI":"10.1080\/16549716.2024.2354008","article-title":"Awareness of postpartum depression among midwives and pregnant women in Arkhangelsk, Arctic Russia","volume":"17","author":"Nechaeva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Glob Health Action"},{"key":"R25-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06752-2","article-title":"Experiences and perceptions of perinatal depression among new immigrant Chinese parents: A qualitative study","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"R26-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2024.103977","article-title":"The perceived mental health experiences and needs of postpartum mothers living in the United Arab Emirates: A focus group study","volume":"132","author":"Hanach","year":"2024","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"R27-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2971","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13605","article-title":"Positive postpartum well-being: What works for women","volume":"25","author":"Hannon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Expect"},{"key":"R28-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(03)00062-5","article-title":"Listening to mothers: Qualitative studies on motherhood and depression from Goa, India","volume":"57","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2003","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"R29-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e078203","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-078203","article-title":"Lived experiences of mothers with postnatal anxiety: A qualitative phenomenology study from Pakistan","volume":"14","author":"Saeed","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"R30-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.25259\/JNRP_584_2023","article-title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors of postpartum depression in India: A comprehensive review","volume":"15","author":"Panolan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurosci Rural Pract"},{"key":"R31-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2024.101667","article-title":"Post-partum depression: Its association with IYCF practices and effect on child growth indicators in urban slums of Mumbai, India","volume":"28","author":"Mhamane","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"key":"R32-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04547-9","article-title":"Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy-based interventions for maternal perinatal depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Pettman","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"R34-20261006","first-page":"445","article-title":"Maternal mental health interventions in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review","volume":"67","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry"},{"key":"R36-20261006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_332_23","article-title":"The effect of family-centered education on posttraumatic stress symptoms in mothers of premature infants hospitalized in the NICU","volume":"13","author":"Rajabzadeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Educ Health Promot"},{"key":"R37-20261006","first-page":"100599","article-title":"Evaluating YouTube as a source of medical information for postpartum depression","volume":"13","author":"Liu-Zarzuela","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Affect Disord Rep"}],"container-title":["Journal of Education and Health Promotion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jehp.jehp_1302_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:00:31Z","timestamp":1791309631000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jehp.jehp_1302_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jehp.jehp_1302_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["2277-9531","2319-6440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2277-9531","type":"print"},{"value":"2319-6440","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-12","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-07","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}