{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T16:49:48Z","timestamp":1793378988785,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The complex, multifaceted care environment and the threatening situation of caring for hemodialysis patients cause tension in their family caregivers. Due to the severe tension, family caregivers are likely to ignore their basic needs and only pay attention to the patient's needs and related issues. This study was conducted with the aim of designing and evaluating the Perceived Care tension Questionnaire for Caregivers of Hemodialysis Patients (PCTQHFC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study was a sequential exploratory mixed methods study of scale development variant conducted in two phases: qualitative and quantitative. This study was conducted in 2019 in Shahrekord. The qualitative phase included item development and scale development. In the quantitative phase (Item Analysis), the validation characteristics of the tool were examined using face, content and construct validity, and its reliability by internal consistency and stability. Findings were performed using software SPSS 18.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Principal components analysis with orthogonal rotation to generate factors, showed that five factors, namely emotional exhaustion, inadequate social support, care burden, confusion and ambiguity and lack of adaptability skills had an eigenvalue of higher than 1, so that they explained, respectively, 75.98%, 61.36%, 72.49%, 76.33%, and 70.31% of the total variance. The internal consistency was obtained 0.811 and the inter-class correlation coefficient for the whole instrument 0.832.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PCTQHFC is a culturally appropriate measure with strong psychometric properties. The instrument designed in this study measures the care tension of hemodialysis patients. Therefore, researchers, health-care providers, and community health policymakers can plan and implement interventions to reduce the tension of caregivers of hemodialysis patients by analyzing and identifying the tensions of caregivers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_1505_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T12:47:54Z","timestamp":1713876474000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Development and psychometric evaluation of the perceived care tension questionnaire for caregivers of hemodialysis patients: A mixed method study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Leili","family":"Rabiei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soleiman","family":"Kheiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Masoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Department of Adult and Geriatric Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery School, Shahr-e-Kord University of Medical Sciences, Shahr-e-Kord, IR Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnur.2018.07.010","article-title":"Complications of kidney disease","volume":"53","author":"Murabito","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nurs Clin North Am"},{"key":"R2-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2011.0207","article-title":"Conservative management of end-stage renal disease without dialysis: A systematic review","volume":"15","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"key":"R3-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A7","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2016.12.004","article-title":"US renal data system 2016 annual data report: Epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States","volume":"69","author":"Saran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"R4-20250921","first-page":"54","article-title":"The rise and fall of Kt\/V: Lessons of evidence for dialysis nursing","volume":"11","author":"Bennett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Renal Soc Aust J"},{"key":"R5-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2516.2008.01872.x","article-title":"Dialysis in the haemophilia patient: A practical approach to care","volume":"15","author":"Lambing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Haemophilia"},{"key":"R6-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.477","article-title":"Incidence of ESRD in India","volume":"79","author":"Modi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"R7-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2011060607","article-title":"Global trends in rates of peritoneal dialysis","volume":"23","author":"Jain","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"4","key":"R8-20250921","first-page":"133","article-title":"The perception of chronic renal failure patients from advocacy resources in adjustment with hemodialysis: A qualitative study","volume":"3","author":"Asgari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iranian Journal Of Critical Care Nursing (IJCCN)"},{"key":"R9-20250921","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exploring the family caregiving phenomenon in nursing documentation","volume":"15","author":"Oliveira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Online J Nurs Inform"},{"issue":"4","key":"R10-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soncn.2019.06.006","article-title":"Caregiver well-being and the quality of cancer care","volume":"35","author":"Kristin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Seminars in Oncology Nursing"},{"key":"R11-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13406","article-title":"Identifying and integrating patient and caregiver perspectives in clinical practice guidelines for percutaneous renal biopsy","volume":"24","author":"Gutman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"},{"key":"R12-20250921","author":"Oldenkamp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Positive and negative caregiving experiences: The role of the quality of the informal caregiver-care recipient relationship and intrinsic caregiving motivations. 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