{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:37:35Z","timestamp":1787841455894,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused a variety of psychological complications. One way to control the spread of this pandemic is compliance with health protocols and standards. Considering the limited research into the psychological effects of COVID-19 and the preventive behaviors among older adults, this study aimed to determine these variables and their relationship with associated factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 153 older adults who were referred to the clinic of Pirouz Hospital in the east of Guilan, in the north of Iran, in 2022. The research instruments included the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the preventive behavior questionnaires. Descriptive (mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage) and inferential (Kruskal\u2013Wallis and Mann\u2013Whitney tests) statistics were used to analyze the data using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20 with a significant level of 0.05.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The findings showed that the overall mean score for preventive behaviors was 107 \u00b1 10.38. The highest mean score of preventive behaviors was related to personal behavior (43.00 \u00b1 5.58) and instructions to enter the house (30.15 \u00b1 4.84), respectively. The highest mean scores of psychological effects were related to the intrusion dimension (11 \u00b1 5.33) and avoidance dimension (7 \u00b1 4.74), respectively. There was a significant relationship between drug use (F = 27.136,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.028) and the psychological effects of COVID-19.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on the results, the general condition of the preventive behaviors of older adults was average, and the majority of them were at a normal level of psychological effects. However, administrators and health policymakers should consider planning to develop interventions to encourage and improve preventive behaviors against COVID-19, especially among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_320_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T12:00:57Z","timestamp":1720785657000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Preventive behaviors and psychological effects of COVID-19 and their associated factors among Iranian older adults: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Farokhbod","family":"Afshari Nasab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Zeyinab (P.B.U.H) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azar","family":"Darvishpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Zeyinab (P.B.U.H) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"},{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roya","family":"Mansour-ghanaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahare","family":"Gholami-Chaboki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112983","article-title":"Analyze the psychological impact of COVID-19 among the elderly population in China and make corresponding suggestions","volume":"289","author":"Meng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"R2-20240828","first-page":"10","article-title":"Psychological effects of COVID-19 on mental health and related factors among workers of a beverage industry in Tehran, Iran","volume":"12","author":"Khanehshenas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Occup Hyg"},{"key":"R3-20240828","first-page":"1","article-title":"Iranian older adults women: The impact of COVID-19 and coping strategies","author":"Garousi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Qual Quant"},{"key":"R4-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19782","DOI":"10.2196\/19782","article-title":"Internet use, risk awareness, and demographic characteristics associated with engagement in preventive behaviors and testing: Cross-sectional survey on COVID-19 in the United States","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"R5-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2020.06.027","article-title":"Mental health in elderly Spanish people in times of COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"28","author":"Garc\u00eda-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"R6-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3122","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.1562","article-title":"The older adults\u2019 experiences of living in the nursing home during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study in Iran","volume":"10","author":"Asgari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nurs Open"},{"key":"R7-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10201-4","article-title":"COVID-19 preventive behaviors and influencing factors in the Iranian population; 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