{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:12:20Z","timestamp":1784542340849,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n One of the most crucial components in addressing the issue of population aging is a shift in societal attitudes and perceptions. By challenging stereotypes and promoting accurate, effective awareness, we can foster positive change. This study aimed to determine the impact of motivational interviewing on the motivations and attitudes of mothers of only children toward childbearing.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n This quasi-experimental study employed a pretest\u2013posttest design with a control group and an intervention group. The research population consisted of mothers of only children who had sought routine care at comprehensive health service centers in 2024. Sixty mothers of only children were randomly selected and assigned to one of the two groups via a multistage sampling method. Data collection instruments included a demographic questionnaire, Miller\u2019s Fertility Motivation Questionnaire, and the Attitude toward Fertility and Childbearing questionnaire, which validity and reliability were confirmed in previous studies. The intervention group participated in a five-week motivational interviewing program, with each session lasting 60\u201390 min. Data were collected both before and one month after the intervention. Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n \n The finding showed that among demographic variables, significant differences were found in the duration of marriage (\n t<\/jats:italic>\n = -2.26,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.02) and maternal occupation (\u03c7\u00b2 = 6.94,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.00) between the two groups. ANCOVA revealed no significant difference in positive (\n F<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.25,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.61) and negative (\n F<\/jats:italic>\n = 1.02,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.31) fertility motivations between the control and intervention groups post-intervention. However, a significant difference in attitudes toward childbearing was found between the two groups post-intervention (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.036).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n The current study demonstrated the potential of motivational interviewing to influence the attitudes of mothers of only children toward childbearing positively. However, it is essential to acknowledge the multifaceted nature of childbearing, which is shaped by cultural, economic, and social factors.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_346_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:54:30Z","timestamp":1782845670000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of motivational interviewing on the motivations and attitudes mothers of only children toward childbearing"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Ghaedi-Heidari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Razieh","family":"Pourkazemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samira","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.30699\/ajnmc.28.1.27","article-title":"Effect of group counseling on attitude about \u201cChild as a Pillar of Life\u201d in women referring to hamadan city comprehensive health centers","volume":"28","author":"Khodakarami","year":"2020","journal-title":"Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery"},{"key":"R2-20260720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e16162","article-title":"Iranian women\u2019s attitude toward childbearing and its\u2019 association with generalized trust, social support, marital satisfaction and governmental childbearing incentives","volume":"9","author":"Alijanzadeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"R3-20260720","first-page":"109","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of single child behavior among women","volume":"20","author":"Mahmoudiani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Payesh (Health Monitor) J"},{"issue":"4","key":"R4-20260720","first-page":"211","article-title":"Comparing social skills between children of singlechild and multiplechildren families","volume":"22","author":"Derakhshanpour","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Fam Med Health."},{"key":"R5-20260720","first-page":"3278","article-title":"The effect of group counseling based on motivational interview on the motivation of childbearing in the female students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","volume":"10","author":"Rezaee","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Midwifery Reprod Health"},{"key":"R6-20260720","first-page":"96","article-title":"Relationship between childbearing motivations and women reproductive empowerment: A correlational study","volume":"28","author":"Alishah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mazandaran Univ Med Sci"},{"key":"R7-20260720","first-page":"56","article-title":"Psychometric properties of childbearing questionnaire in Iranian men and women","volume":"33","author":"Khadivzadeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mazandaran Univ Med Sci"},{"key":"R8-20260720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_175_18","article-title":"The relationship between childbearing motivations with fertility preferences and actual child number in reproductive-age women in Mashhad, Iran","volume":"7","author":"Irani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Educ Health Promot"},{"key":"R9-20260720","first-page":"37","article-title":"A study of psychometric properties of persian version of attitudes toward fertility and childbearing scale","volume":"15","author":"Baezzat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nurs Midwifery J"},{"key":"R11-20260720","first-page":"1","article-title":"At the crossroad of decision to have children: An analysis of individual and social childbearing challenges in the context of low fertility in Isfahan","volume":"33","author":"Ghahfarokhi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Appl Soc"},{"key":"R12-20260720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s10680-016-9404-2","article-title":"Choosing to remain childless? 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