{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T14:50:57Z","timestamp":1791471057497,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conflict is a very common phenomenon in the intensive care unit (ICU). Nonetheless, the aim of conflict-related strategies is not to eliminate conflicts but to effectively manage them. The aim of this study was to develop a model for conflict management (CM) in the ICU.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative study was conducted in 2024 by using Corbin and Strauss\u2019s grounded theory design. Data were collected via 32 semi-structured interviews with 18 ICU nurses, observational notes, field notes, and memo writing. Participants were purposefully selected from hospitals affiliated to Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Corbin and Strauss\u2019s method was used to analyze the data. Then, Walker and Avant\u2019s method was used to develop a prescriptive CM model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants\u2019 main concern was a vicious relational cycle, and their strategy for its management was striving to build CM-based relational bridges. The outcome of this strategy was doubtfulness over compromise or silence. The compromise-based relationship model for CM was developed with three main components, namely the management of the situation, awareness of CM strategies, and development of communication skills.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CM process depends on the sociocultural characteristics of nurses and healthcare organizations. The establishment of appropriate relationships is the key prerequisite to CM and depends on the development of nurses\u2019 professional skills and strong organizational support. Therefore, health policymakers should consider developing communication and CM skills in nurses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_349_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:01:55Z","timestamp":1788181315000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Developing a model for conflict management in intensive care units: A grounded theory study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Soheila","family":"Rabie Siahkali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health and Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyede Fatemeh","family":"Gheiasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health and Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahin","family":"Roohani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health and Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20261008","first-page":"191","article-title":"Causes of conflict between clinical and administrative staff in hospitals","volume":"8","author":"Tosanloo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Educ Health Promot"},{"key":"R3-20261008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1080\/13561820.2016.1272558","article-title":"Individual, interpersonal, and organisational factors of healthcare conflict: A scoping review","volume":"31","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Interprof Care"},{"key":"R4-20261008","first-page":"195","article-title":"Nurturing through Organizational Conflict Management Systems","author":"Peters","year":"2023","journal-title":"Communication for Constructive Workplace Conflict"},{"key":"R7-20261008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031875","article-title":"Conflict sources and management in the ICU Setting before and during COVID-19: A scoping review of the literature","volume":"19","author":"Czy\u017c-Szypenbejl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"R8-20261008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004440","article-title":"Conflict management in the ICU","volume":"48","author":"Kayser","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R9-20261008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200810-1614OC","article-title":"Prevalence and factors of intensive care unit conflicts: The conflicus study","volume":"180","author":"Azoulay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R10-20261008","first-page":"29","article-title":"Understanding and addressing a \u2018difficult\u2019family in ICU","volume":"22","author":"Metaxa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"R11-20261008","first-page":"322","article-title":"Investigating the impact of conflict management approaches on organizational productivity in healthcare settings: A qualitative exploration","volume":"12","author":"Abunemeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Open J Soc Sci"},{"key":"R12-20261008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.12626","article-title":"An integrative review on conflict management styles among nursing professionals: Implications for nursing management","volume":"26","author":"Labrague","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nurs Manag"},{"key":"R13-20261008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_1572_23","article-title":"Assessment of the relationship between ethical reasoning and conflict management style among nurses","volume":"13","author":"Dehbanizadeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Educ Health Promot"},{"key":"R14-20261008","article-title":"Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice","author":"Polit","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lippincott Williams and Wilkins"},{"key":"R15-20261008","article-title":"Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating","author":"Creswell","year":"2013","journal-title":"W. 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