{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T17:27:33Z","timestamp":1786728453682,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to examine the prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use and alcohol dependence among youth in Kolar district, Karnataka, India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the Youth Health and Behavior Surveillance Survey (2021\u20132022) with 5,072 youth aged 15\u201330 years. Alcohol use was assessed using the WHO AUDIT score, categorizing participants into low-risk, hazardous, and dependent users. Descriptive and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed to identify significant associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study found that 6.6% of youth were current alcohol users. Among these users, 21.8% engaged in hazardous use and 11% met criteria for alcohol dependence. This translates to a prevalence of 1.4% for hazardous use and 0.7% for alcohol dependence in the total population. Factors significantly associated with higher alcohol use included youth aged 26\u201330 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 5.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.7\u201310.7), current smokeless tobacco use (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 2.0\u20135.1), smoking (AOR = 7.7, 95% CI: 4.8\u201312.3), and smokeless tobacco dependence (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.4\u20137.1), consumption of burgers\/pasta (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.7\u20138.9) and carbonated drinks (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0\u20132.3), engagement in premarital\/extramarital sexual relationships (AOR = 6.4, 95% CI: 3.2\u201312.9), experiencing physical violence (AOR = 5.1, 95% CI: 2.5\u201310.3), suicidal behaviors (AOR = 7.7, 95% CI: 2.2\u201325.9), and having peers who drink alcohol (AOR = 6.8, 95% CI: 4.6\u201310.2). Conversely, protective factors included being unemployed, engaging in free-time activities, and migrant status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study highlights the complex interplay of sociodemographic, behavioral, and social factors influencing alcohol use patterns among youth and underscores the need for targeted interventions in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_386_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T15:01:07Z","timestamp":1778166067000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors associated with alcohol use and dependence among youth in Kolar district, India: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Himani","family":"Rathore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hindustan Latex Family Planning Promotion Trust, Corporate Office-B-14 A, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. S.","family":"Pradeep","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. 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C","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Raghavendra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganga","family":"Raju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakshi S.","family":"Arjunagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1002\/sd.2761","article-title":"Assessing progress of India in reduction of premature mortality due to four noncommunicable diseases towards achieving the WHO 25\u00d725 goal and the sustainable development goals","volume":"32","author":"Kulothungan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustain Dev"},{"key":"R3-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.4103\/jpgm.JPGM_157_18","article-title":"Noncommunicable diseases in India: Challenges and the way forward","volume":"65","author":"Banerjee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"R4-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.4103\/ijph.IJPH_324_16","article-title":"A review on noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) burden, its socio-economic impact and the strategies for prevention and control of NCDs in India","volume":"62","author":"Kundu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Public Health"},{"key":"R7-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x","article-title":"Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption--II","volume":"88","author":"Saunders","year":"1993","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R9-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_abstract122","article-title":"IJCM_122A: Factors affecting physical inactivity among youth","volume":"49","author":"Mishra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"R10-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.023","article-title":"Differences in alcohol use between younger and older people: Results from a general population study","volume":"202","author":"Veerbeek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"R11-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e080657","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080657","article-title":"Scoping review of assessment tools for, magnitudes of and factors associated with problem drinking in population-based studies","volume":"14","author":"Dagne","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"R12-20260507","first-page":"1637","article-title":"Kumar, S. 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