{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:51:07Z","timestamp":1791312667500,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osteoporosis and osteopenia, prevalent metabolic bone disorders, increase fracture risk, particularly in postmenopausal women. Chronic inflammation may contribute to bone loss. The association between inflammatory indices and bone mineral density (BMD) was investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross-sectional analysis involving 99 patients over the age of 40 at the Ilam Rheumatology Clinic (2019\u20132022) evaluated BMD using the Hologic Discovery Wi DXA and assessed blood indices with the Sysmex XN-1000. Statistical analyses, including T-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson\u2019s correlation, were conducted utilizing SPSS version 16, with significance set at\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 99 patients (78.8% female, mean age 55.8 \u00b1 9.7 years), the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) exhibited significant elevation in cases of osteoporosis (2.710 \u00b1 0.610,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) and osteopenia (2.230 \u00b1 0.530,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) than in normal BMD (1.840 \u00b1 0.450). The BMD exhibited a negative correlation with the NLR (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u20130.430,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) and the PLR (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u20130.370,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002). Patients with osteoporosis exhibited the lowest bone mineral density in the lumbar spine (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increased levels of NLR and PLR correlate with diminished BMD, suggesting their potential as cost-effective biomarkers for osteoporosis risk assessment. Monitoring these indices could enhance early diagnosis and prevention strategies in at-risk populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_752_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:01:31Z","timestamp":1788181291000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inflammatory indices and bone density in osteoporosis: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Nasrin","family":"Bazgir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MohammadHossein","family":"Sahami Gilan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 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