{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T09:46:32Z","timestamp":1791971192501,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A young male patient had palpitations after consumption of few high caffeinated energy drinks which he took after his office hours to relieve fatigue. He immediately seeked medical help. Electrocardiogram showed multiple runs of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia and ventricular bigeminy and trigeminy. Echocardiography was normal. The patient was admitted to intensive care unit and treated with anti-arrhythmic drugs to which the arrhythmias responded and subsided. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of heart did not reveal any structural heart abnormality and treadmill stress test was negative ruling out significant coronary artery disease. High caffeinated energy drinks can produce serious ventricular arrhythmias if taken beyond safe doses. These ventricular arrhythmias are known to be causative factor for sudden cardiac arrest and therefore a caution &amp; regulation is needed in widespread unrestricted used of these drinks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1046_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T02:09:27Z","timestamp":1721959767000},"page":"3424-3426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Excess of high-caffeinated energy drinks causing ventricular arrhythmias"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rohit","family":"Walia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor & Head of Department of Cardiology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College, Sadopur, Ambala, Haryana, India"},{"name":"Ex Associate Professor, Department of Cardiology, Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirat","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science, Bathinda , Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2010.0381","article-title":"Energy beverages: Content and safety","volume":"85","author":"Higgins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"R2-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2014.12.019","article-title":"Energy drink overconsumption in adolescents: Implications for arrhythmias and other cardiovascular events","volume":"31","author":"Sanchis-Gomar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"R3-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.31083\/j.rcm2303083","article-title":"Energy drink consumption: A rising public health issue","volume":"23","author":"Kaur","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"R4-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2018.01.012","article-title":"Caffeine and arrhythmias: Time to grind the data","volume":"4","author":"Voskoboinik","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"R5-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1081\/CLT-100102405","article-title":"Experimental treatment of the acute cardiovascular toxicity of caffeine","volume":"37","author":"Strubelt","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Toxicol Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"R6-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15458","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk of energy drinks: Caffeine and taurine facilitate ventricular arrhythmias in a sensitive whole-heart model","volume":"33","author":"Ellermann","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"R7-20240828","first-page":"163","article-title":"Sports, energy drinks, and sudden cardiac death: Stimulant cardiac syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Ka\u015f\u0131k\u00e7\u0131o\u011flu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anatol J Cardiol"},{"key":"R8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2011.10.011","article-title":"Congenital type 1 long QT syndrome unmasked by a highly caffeinated energy drink","volume":"9","author":"Dufendach","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"R9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-0965","article-title":"Committee on Nutrition and the Council on Sports Medicine and Fitness. Sports drinks and energy drinks for children and adolescents: Are they appropriate?","volume":"127","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"R10-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12970-018-0247-6","article-title":"Multi-ingredient pre-workout supplements, safety implications, and performance outcomes: A brief review","volume":"15","author":"Harty","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Int Soc Sports Nutr"},{"key":"R11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1900-1","article-title":"Genetics of caffeine consumption and responses to caffeine","volume":"211","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"R12-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1089\/jcr.2013.0016","article-title":"Caffeine use disorder: A comprehensive review and research agenda","volume":"3","author":"Meredith","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Caffeine Res"},{"key":"R13-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2007.057133","article-title":"Recent advances and controversies in adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation","volume":"83","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1046_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:58:15Z","timestamp":1787839095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1046_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1046_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["2249-4863","2278-7135"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2249-4863","type":"print"},{"value":"2278-7135","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-24","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-23","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}