{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:28:11Z","timestamp":1786739291435,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rhino-orbito-cerebral-mucormycosis (ROCM) associated with COVID-19 infection was at its peak during and immediately after the second wave of the pandemic in India during 2021. Many of the risk factors were implicated in the development of this deadly fungal infection, when there was a sudden surge of cases, especially who had a history of COVID-19 infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of the study was to describe the characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in invasive mucormycosis and to evaluate the extent and severity of invasive mucormycosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study was carried out for 4 months which included 60 patients who underwent MRI using a Siemens Avanto 1.5 Tesla scanner. During our study, 68 cases were selected based on clinicoradiological features suspected of ROCM. However, 8 patients were excluded on the basis of exclusion criteria as either there was no definitive evidence of COVID infection or were proven to be negative for mucormycosis on microbiological examination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On the basis of the spectrum of MRI findings, post-COVID-19 related ROCM was broadly categorized into three stages. Out of total of 60 patients, the disease was localized to the nasal and paranasal sinus region (Stage I) in 7 patients (11.66%), extending to adjacent extrasinus orofacial soft tissue structures (Stage II) in 36 patients (60%), and intracranial extension of disease (Stage III) was seen in 17 patients (28.33%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In post-COVID-19 patients presenting with clinical features suspected of ROCM, MRI imaging helps in early diagnosis and staging\/severity of ROCM, so that timely intervention can be planned to reduce mortality as well as morbidity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1136_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T03:51:56Z","timestamp":1675050716000},"page":"7788-7794","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spectrum of magnetic resonance imaging findings in post-COVID-19 patients presenting with rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in a teaching hospital in Malwa region of Punjab"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Pushpinder","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radio Diagnosis, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (AIMSR), Bathinda, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiranjeet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (AIMSR), Bathinda, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinita","family":"Jindal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radio Diagnosis, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (AIMSR), Bathinda, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manjot","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radio Diagnosis, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (AIMSR), Bathinda, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandeep","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (AIMSR), Bathinda, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navdeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radio Diagnosis, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (AIMSR), Bathinda, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260204","first-page":"1","article-title":"Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis: Two cases with amaurosis as presentation, medical surgical management and follow-up","author":"Navarro-Perea","year":"2019","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol Med 2019"},{"key":"R2-20260204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0103","article-title":"Isolated renal mucormycosis in immunocompetent hosts: Clinical spectrum and management approach","volume":"100","author":"Devana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"R3-20260204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6040265","article-title":"Epidemiology and diagnosis of mucormycosis: An update","volume":"6","author":"Skiada","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"R4-20260204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9030523","article-title":"Epidemiology of Mucormycosis in India","volume":"9","author":"Prakash","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"R5-20260204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.4103\/ijp.ijp_839_21","article-title":"Rhino-orbital-cerebral-mucormycosis in COVID-19: A systematic review","volume":"53","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R6-20260204","first-page":"231","article-title":"Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. 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