{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:33:28Z","timestamp":1787841208524,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transgender people commonly faced stigma which has been linked to violence, abuse, and discrimination, often forcing them to remain hidden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study plans to estimate the size of the transgender population and to assess the vulnerability and risk of transgender people in the society.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study was conducted among 171 transwomen aged 18 years and above residing in two districts in Manipur recruited using the respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method. Interviews were conducted using a semistructured questionnaire, and the multiplier method was applied for the size estimation. Descriptive statistics were generated. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the institutional ethics committee.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean \u00b1 SD age of realization of their sexual identity and age of expressing gender identity was 9.06 \u00b1 2.9 and 17.3 \u00b1 2.7 year, respectively. The reported network size was found to be 40.37 \u00b1 38.7, and the estimated size of the transgender population was found to be 2201 (95% CI 1987.6\u20132403.1). Most of the respondents (157, 91.8%) had \u2018Ever experienced harassment due to their sexual identity\u2019, with the majority (138, 87.9%) reporting \u2018verbal abuse\u2019, while (108, 63.1%) reported \u2018sexual abuse\u2019 and 43.9% of them said they had a \u2018psychological effect\u2019 due to the abuse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The majority of the respondents had faced some form of harassment or abuse due to their gender identity, leading to the psychological effect on them. There is an urgent need for developing a comprehensive measure focusing on mainstreaming the transgender persons by creating an enabling environment for their holistic development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1251_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T10:03:55Z","timestamp":1733479435000},"page":"5853-5860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Size estimation and vulnerability assessment of transgender people in Manipur, North-east India: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Phanjoubam","family":"Suriya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, 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