{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T14:52:47Z","timestamp":1793371967787,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There are nearly 10.4 crores elderly in India, with 65% of them living in rural areas. Accessibility to healthcare is limited in rural areas. Primary care physicians deal with a fairly large number of patients from the geriatric age group. With the steady increase in the proportion of elderly, there is a corresponding increase in the prevalence of frailty. Frailty among the elderly leads to increased dependency, adverse health outcomes and mortality. Early identification and targeted interventions by primary care physicians could prevent these adverse outcomes and even reverse its occurrence. Knowledge about environmental and lifestyle influences on frailty would further assist primary care physicians to prevent and manage it optimally<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We interviewed 502 participants (&gt;60 years of age) from four taluks of rural Bengaluru. Participants with frailty scores of 3 and above were considered frail, scores of 1-2 were considered prefrail. Association of frailty with lifestyle and environmental factors were tested using the Chi-square test. A value of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05 was considered significant\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prevalence of frailty was 24.70% and prefrailty was 62.75%. Elders in age group 60 to 74 years, those living alone or with others (other than the spouse), illiterate, working elders, elderly with less than two diagnosed comorbidities, elderly with low social score and low physical activity were associated with frailty<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The young old population seems vulnerable to frailty. Health programs aimed at prevention, early detection and treatment of morbidities and frailty will improve their health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1679_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T07:41:10Z","timestamp":1653464470000},"page":"2083-2089","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Prevalence of frailty and its association with lifestyle factors among elderly in rural Bengaluru"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"K","family":"Shilpa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Norman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0263-9","article-title":"Factors associated with frailty in primary care: A prospective cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Diez-Ruiz","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"R3-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02982161","article-title":"The I.A.N.A Task Force on frailty assessment of older people in clinical practice","volume":"12","author":"Abellan van Kan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"R4-77-20240828","first-page":"1442","article-title":"Impact of lifestyle on health","volume":"44","author":"Farhud","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iran J Public Health"},{"key":"R6-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2018.02.006","article-title":"The association between lifestyle and overall health, using the frailty index","volume":"76","author":"Brinkman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"R7-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e323","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(18)30091-4","article-title":"Frailty and pre-frailty in middle-aged and older adults and its association with multimorbidity and mortality: A prospective analysis of 493 737 UK Biobank participants","volume":"3","author":"Hanlon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"R8-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e032904","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-032904","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with frailty among community-dwelling older people in rural Thanjavur district of South India: A cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Kendhapedi","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"R9-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M146","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.M146","article-title":"Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype","volume":"56","author":"Fried","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"R10-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.IJDR_142_18","article-title":"Evaluation of the prevalence of comorbidities in patients reporting for dentoalveolar surgeries","volume":"30","author":"Natarajan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"key":"R11-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-013-0365-4","article-title":"The selection of a screening test for frailty identification in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"18","author":"Auyeung","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"R13-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002259","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002259","article-title":"Potentially modifiable lifestyle factors, cognitive reserve, and cognitive function in later life: A cross-sectional study","volume":"14","author":"Clare","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R14-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40985-016-0021-8","article-title":"Screening for frailty: Older populations and older individuals","volume":"37","author":"Santos-Eggimann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health Rev"},{"key":"R15-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.11124\/JBISRIR-2017-003382","article-title":"Effectiveness of interventions to prevent pre-frailty and frailty progression in older adults: A systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Ap\u00f3stolo","year":"2018","journal-title":"JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep"},{"key":"R16-77-20240828","first-page":"364","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of frailty in older adults in India","volume":"30","author":"Kashikar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Gerontol"},{"key":"R17-77-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_445_19","article-title":"How frail are our elderly? 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